Chromosome Structure and Function Quiz

Structure of Chromosome

• A chromosome is a thread-like structure made up of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information in the nucleus of living cells.
• Chromosomes are divided into two types: autosomes and sex chromosomes.
• Autosomes are chromosomes that are not involved in determining the sex of an organism, whereas sex chromosomes determine the sex of an organism.
• The structure of a chromosome consists of a centromere, telomeres, and chromatin.
• The centromere is a specialized region near the center of the chromosome that plays a crucial role in the separation of chromosomes during cell division.
• Telomeres are the protective caps at the end of chromosomes that prevent them from deteriorating or fusing with neighboring chromosomes.
• Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins that make up the chromosome.

Fill in the blank statements

• A chromosome is a thread-like structure made up of __________________ and proteins that carry genetic information in the nucleus of living cells. Answer: DNA
• Chromosomes are divided into two types: __________________ and sex chromosomes. Answer: autosomes
• The protective caps at the end of chromosomes that prevent them from deteriorating or fusing with neighboring chromosomes are called __________________. Answer: telomeres