Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main idea behind the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?

Genes are carried on ribosomes.

Genes are carried on Golgi bodies.

Genes are carried on mitochondria.

Genes are carried on chromosomes. (correct)

Which observation supported the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?

Ribosomes play a key role in passing on traits.

Mitochondria are responsible for genetic inheritance.

Golgi bodies determine genetic characteristics.

Homologous chromosome pairs migrate independently of other pairs during meiosis. (correct)

What happens to the chromosomal complement in gametes?

Each parent synthesizes gametes containing the full chromosomal complement.

Gametes contain chromosomes from only one parent.

Gametes contain chromosomes from both parents.

Each parent synthesizes gametes containing half of their chromosomal complement. (correct)

What occurs during fertilization?

Gametic chromosomes combine to produce offspring with the same chromosome number as their parents. Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is credited with observing the separation of chromosomes into daughter cells during meiosis in grasshoppers?

Walter Sutton Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for Mendelian inheritance according to the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance?

Chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cells carrying two matching sets of chromosomes?

Diploid Signup and view all the answers

During which process do chromosomes of each pair segregate from each other?

Meiosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the shorthand symbol for the number of chromosomes in a normal haploid cell?

n Signup and view all the answers

Which organism did Theodor Boveri observe for proper embryonic development in 1902?

Sea Urchins Signup and view all the answers

What ensures that all somatic cells of an individual have identical diploid chromosome sets?

Mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What term describes gametes and other cells carrying only a single set of chromosomes?

Haploid Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of homologous chromosomes in inheritance?

They carry the same types of genes Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular structures are specialized for the storage and transmission of genetic material?

Chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chorionic villus sampling?

To collect fetal cells for karyotyping Signup and view all the answers

During cell division and gamete formation, what travels with the chromosomes?

Genes Signup and view all the answers

What happens in amniocentesis?

Fetal cells are collected for karyotyping from the amniotic fluid Signup and view all the answers

Why are somatic cells mentioned in the context of chromosome theory?

To illustrate their precise number of homologous chromosome pairs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance explains that chromosomes carry genetic information and are responsible for Mendelian inheritance.

Chromosomal Complement in Gametes

In gametes, the chromosomal complement is haploid, meaning it has a single set of chromosomes.

Fertilization

During fertilization, the gametes fuse, resulting in a diploid zygote with two sets of chromosomes.

Theodor Boveri

Theodor Boveri is credited with observing the separation of chromosomes into daughter cells during meiosis in grasshoppers.

Chromosomes and Inheritance

According to the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, chromosomes are responsible for Mendelian inheritance.

Diploid and Haploid Cells

Cells carrying two matching sets of chromosomes are called diploid cells.
The shorthand symbol for the number of chromosomes in a normal haploid cell is n.
Gametes and other cells carrying only a single set of chromosomes are called haploid cells.

Cellular Structures and Genetic Material

Chromosomes are specialized for the storage and transmission of genetic material.

Chromosomal Segregation

During meiosis, chromosomes of each pair segregate from each other.

Homologous Chromosomes

Homologous chromosomes play a crucial role in inheritance, carrying similar genetic information.

Chorionic Villus Sampling and Amniocentesis

Chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis are medical procedures that involve extracting cells from the placenta or amniotic fluid to examine chromosomes for genetic abnormalities.

Cell Division and Gamete Formation

During cell division and gamete formation, genetic material travels with the chromosomes.

Somatic Cells

Somatic cells are mentioned in the context of chromosome theory because they have identical diploid chromosome sets, ensuring genetic consistency throughout an individual's body.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, credited to Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri. Learn about how chromosomes were identified as the genetic material responsible for Mendelian inheritance through their observations during meiosis in grasshoppers.