22 Questions
What is the principle behind adsorption chromatography?
Separation based on differences in adsorption properties
What is the type of chromatography that separates components based on their molecular size?
Gel filtration chromatography
What is the type of chromatography that separates components based on specific interactions between biological molecules?
Affinity chromatography
What is the type of chromatography that separates components based on differences in affinity between ionic components and the stationary phase?
Ion-exchange chromatography
In Gel filtration chromatography, what is the function of the stationary phase?
To separate components based on their molecular size
What is the common example of Gel filtration chromatography?
HPLC
In partition chromatography, what determines the migration of compounds up the plate?
Relative solubility of the compound between the sorbent and the solvent
What is the principle mechanism involved in Adsorption Chromatography?
Physical forces such as hydrogen bonds, Vander Waal forces, and dipole-dipole interactions
What is the main disadvantage of partition chromatography?
The liquid stationary phase tends to be stripped from the column
How do compounds separate in adsorption chromatography?
Based on their ability to form weak chemical bonds with the stationary phase
Which type of chromatography is based on the specific binding of molecules to a stationary phase?
Affinity Chromatography
What is the main difference between partition chromatography and adsorption chromatography?
The mechanism of separation
What is the primary mechanism of separation in Partition Chromatography?
Partitioning between two immiscible liquids
What type of chromatography involves the use of a solid support coated with a liquid stationary phase?
Partition chromatography
Which type of chromatography separates molecules based on their size and shape?
Gel Filtration Chromatography
Which type of chromatography is based on the distribution of solutes between a solid phase and a liquid or gas phase?
Adsorption chromatography
What is the primary mechanism of separation in Ion-exchange Chromatography?
Electrostatic forces
What is the main characteristic of partition chromatography?
Separation based on relative solubility
What is the main difference between closed and open column chromatography?
The arrangement of the stationary phase in a closed container or open sheet
What is the common feature among silica, cellulose, and alumina, which makes them suitable for Adsorption Chromatography?
They are all insoluble in the mobile phase
Which type of chromatography does not involve a solid stationary phase?
Partition chromatography
How many basic mechanisms of chromatography are mentioned in the text?
5
Study Notes
Types of Chromatography
- Adsorption chromatography: involves mobilization of molecules between a solid stationary phase and a liquid mobile phase
- Partition chromatography: employs the separation principle of liquid-liquid extraction, based on relative solubility of compounds between the stationary phase and mobile phase
- Gel filtration chromatography: also known as size-inclusion/exclusion chromatography, separates compounds based on their molecular size, using a gel with pores as the stationary phase
- Ion-exchange chromatography: separates ionic compounds based on their affinity with the stationary phase, which is a polymeric resin
- Affinity chromatography: separates biological molecules based on specific interactions, such as antibody-antigen, enzyme-inhibitor, and DNA-protein interactions
Mechanism of Chromatography
- Adsorption chromatography: depends on active sites in the stationary and mobile phases, with competition between solutes for these sites
- Partition chromatography: depends on relative solubility of compounds between the stationary phase and mobile phase, with independent distribution of each solute
- Gel filtration chromatography: separates compounds based on their molecular size, with the stationary phase having pores that allow smaller molecules to pass through
- Ion-exchange chromatography: separates ionic compounds based on their affinity with the stationary phase, which is a polymeric resin
- Affinity chromatography: separates biological molecules based on specific interactions, with the ligand (receptor) covalently bound to the packing material
Characteristics of Chromatography
- In adsorption chromatography, the distribution of the solute is between a solid phase (stationary phase) and a liquid or gas phase (mobile phase)
- In partition chromatography, the distribution of the solute is between a liquid stationary phase and a mobile phase, which could be a liquid or a gas
- In closed chromatography, the stationary phase is packed in a closed container, while in open column chromatography, the stationary phase is found spread on a flat surface as an open sheet of paper or a glass plate
This quiz covers the concepts of chromatography, including adsorption, thin layer chromatography, gel filtration, and size-inclusion/exclusion chromatography.
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