Chromatography Types and Principles

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Questions and Answers

What is the principle behind adsorption chromatography?

Separation based on specific interactions between biological molecules
Separation based on molecular size
Separation based on ionic interactions
Separation based on differences in adsorption properties (correct)

What is the type of chromatography that separates components based on their molecular size?

Partition chromatography
Gel filtration chromatography (correct)
Affinity chromatography
Ion-exchange chromatography

What is the type of chromatography that separates components based on specific interactions between biological molecules?

Partition chromatography
Ion-exchange chromatography
Affinity chromatography (correct)
Gel filtration chromatography

What is the type of chromatography that separates components based on differences in affinity between ionic components and the stationary phase?

Ion-exchange chromatography (A) Signup and view all the answers

In Gel filtration chromatography, what is the function of the stationary phase?

To separate components based on their molecular size (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common example of Gel filtration chromatography?

HPLC (B) Signup and view all the answers

In partition chromatography, what determines the migration of compounds up the plate?

Relative solubility of the compound between the sorbent and the solvent (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle mechanism involved in Adsorption Chromatography?

Physical forces such as hydrogen bonds, Vander Waal forces, and dipole-dipole interactions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of partition chromatography?

The liquid stationary phase tends to be stripped from the column (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do compounds separate in adsorption chromatography?

Based on their ability to form weak chemical bonds with the stationary phase (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chromatography is based on the specific binding of molecules to a stationary phase?

Affinity Chromatography (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between partition chromatography and adsorption chromatography?

The mechanism of separation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of separation in Partition Chromatography?

Partitioning between two immiscible liquids (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of chromatography involves the use of a solid support coated with a liquid stationary phase?

Partition chromatography (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chromatography separates molecules based on their size and shape?

Gel Filtration Chromatography (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chromatography is based on the distribution of solutes between a solid phase and a liquid or gas phase?

Adsorption chromatography (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of separation in Ion-exchange Chromatography?

Electrostatic forces (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of partition chromatography?

Separation based on relative solubility (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between closed and open column chromatography?

The arrangement of the stationary phase in a closed container or open sheet (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature among silica, cellulose, and alumina, which makes them suitable for Adsorption Chromatography?

They are all insoluble in the mobile phase (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chromatography does not involve a solid stationary phase?

Partition chromatography (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many basic mechanisms of chromatography are mentioned in the text?

5 (B) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Types of Chromatography

Adsorption chromatography: involves mobilization of molecules between a solid stationary phase and a liquid mobile phase
Partition chromatography: employs the separation principle of liquid-liquid extraction, based on relative solubility of compounds between the stationary phase and mobile phase
Gel filtration chromatography: also known as size-inclusion/exclusion chromatography, separates compounds based on their molecular size, using a gel with pores as the stationary phase
Ion-exchange chromatography: separates ionic compounds based on their affinity with the stationary phase, which is a polymeric resin
Affinity chromatography: separates biological molecules based on specific interactions, such as antibody-antigen, enzyme-inhibitor, and DNA-protein interactions

Mechanism of Chromatography

Adsorption chromatography: depends on active sites in the stationary and mobile phases, with competition between solutes for these sites
Partition chromatography: depends on relative solubility of compounds between the stationary phase and mobile phase, with independent distribution of each solute
Gel filtration chromatography: separates compounds based on their molecular size, with the stationary phase having pores that allow smaller molecules to pass through
Ion-exchange chromatography: separates ionic compounds based on their affinity with the stationary phase, which is a polymeric resin
Affinity chromatography: separates biological molecules based on specific interactions, with the ligand (receptor) covalently bound to the packing material

Characteristics of Chromatography

In adsorption chromatography, the distribution of the solute is between a solid phase (stationary phase) and a liquid or gas phase (mobile phase)
In partition chromatography, the distribution of the solute is between a liquid stationary phase and a mobile phase, which could be a liquid or a gas
In closed chromatography, the stationary phase is packed in a closed container, while in open column chromatography, the stationary phase is found spread on a flat surface as an open sheet of paper or a glass plate

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