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Questions and Answers
In linear chromatography, what type of peak is produced if the separation obeys the distribution constant equation?
In linear chromatography, what type of peak is produced if the separation obeys the distribution constant equation?
- Bimodal peak
- Gaussian peak (correct)
- Skewed peak
- Flat peak
What is the equation for the distribution constant (K) in linear chromatography?
What is the equation for the distribution constant (K) in linear chromatography?
- K = CS - CM
- K = CS/CM (correct)
- K = CS + CM
- K = CM/CS
What does tM represent in chromatography?
What does tM represent in chromatography?
- Retention time of the mobile phase (dead time) (correct)
- Retention time of the stationary phase
- Retention time of the analyte (solute)
- Time spent in the column
What is the average linear velocity of solute (V') expressed as?
What is the average linear velocity of solute (V') expressed as?
What does U represent in the context of linear chromatography?
What does U represent in the context of linear chromatography?
What contributes to zone broadening in chromatography?
What contributes to zone broadening in chromatography?
What does the equation $HL = \frac{L}{V} DM$ represent in chromatography?
What does the equation $HL = \frac{L}{V} DM$ represent in chromatography?
When does longitudinal diffusion significantly contribute to band broadening in liquid chromatography?
When does longitudinal diffusion significantly contribute to band broadening in liquid chromatography?
What is the main factor contributing to zone broadening in mass transfer diffusion?
What is the main factor contributing to zone broadening in mass transfer diffusion?
What parameters affect the degree of band broadening in longitudinal diffusion?
What parameters affect the degree of band broadening in longitudinal diffusion?
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Study Notes
Linear Chromatography Peaks
- Gaussian peaks are produced if the separation obeys the distribution constant equation.
Distribution Constant (K)
- The distribution constant (K) in linear chromatography is expressed as: K = Cs / Cp
Chromatography Variables
- tM represents the time spent in the mobile phase in chromatography.
- The average linear velocity of solute (V') is expressed as: V' = u / (1 + k)
- U represents the linear velocity of the mobile phase in the context of linear chromatography.
Zone Broadening
- Zone broadening in chromatography is contributed to by multiple factors, including eddy diffusion, longitudinal diffusion, and mass transfer diffusion.
Longitudinal Diffusion
- The equation HL = L / V DM represents the height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP) in chromatography.
- Longitudinal diffusion significantly contributes to band broadening in liquid chromatography when the flow rate is low.
- The main factor contributing to zone broadening in mass transfer diffusion is the rate of equilibration between the stationary and mobile phases.
- The parameters that affect the degree of band broadening in longitudinal diffusion are the coefficient of longitudinal diffusion, the linear velocity of the mobile phase, and the particle diameter of the stationary phase.
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