CHM121 Topic II: Evaluation of Analytical Data
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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal in performing a chemical analysis?

  • To measure uncertainties accurately
  • To eliminate errors and uncertainties
  • To produce a scatter of results
  • To estimate the true value with acceptable accuracy (correct)

Why is the true value for any quantity always unknown in chemical analysis?

  • Due to the experimenter's fault
  • Since measurement uncertainties can never be completely eliminated (correct)
  • Because of faulty calibrations or standardization
  • Because of the scatter of results

What is the significance of evaluating the magnitude of error in chemical analysis?

  • To determine the experimenter's fault
  • To produce a scatter of accurate results
  • To eliminate errors and uncertainties
  • To define limits for the true value with a given level of probability (correct)

Why are data of unknown quality considered worthless in chemical analysis?

<p>To address and estimate the reliability of the data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the middle value of a sample of results arranged in order of increasing/decreasing magnitude?

<p>Median (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which value is used advantageously when a set of data contains an outlier?

<p>Median (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the mode represent in a set of determinations?

<p>The highest value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the reproducibility of measurements and deals with repeatability and reproducibility?

<p>Precision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to describe how close the results are, provided that they are obtained in exactly the same way?

<p>Precision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is calculated by dividing the sum of replicate measurements by the number of measurements in the set?

<p>Mean (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does standard deviation from the mean represent?

<p>Absolute error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does accuracy indicate about measurements?

<p>Closeness to true value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Precision" deals with which type of variability?

<p>Within-runs and between-runs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Mode" represents which value in a set of determinations?

<p>'x' such that f(x) is maximum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to estimate the uncertainty associated with the central value?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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