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Questions and Answers
What is the typical word order in Chinese sentences?
Which particle indicates the passive voice in Chinese?
How do Chinese verbs indicate tense, mood, or voice?
Which word is used to indicate negation in Chinese?
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How are comparisons made in Chinese?
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What particle is used to indicate possession in Chinese?
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Study Notes
Word Order
- Chinese has a subject-verb-object (SVO) word order, similar to English.
- However, Chinese grammar is more flexible and word order can change depending on the context.
Particles
- Particles are small words that indicate the relationship between words in a sentence.
- Common particles include:
- (de) indicating possession or attribute
- (le) indicating completion or change of state
- (ba) indicating the topic or object
- (bei) indicating the passive voice
Verb Conjugation
- Chinese verbs do not conjugate according to tense, mood, or voice.
- Instead, time and aspect are indicated by:
- Aspect markers (e.g., (le), (guo), (zhe)) to indicate completed, experienced, or ongoing actions
- Time words (e.g., (jin tian) "today", (zuotian) "yesterday") to indicate time
Negation
- Negation is indicated by the word (bu) before the verb.
- Example: (wǒ bù xǐ huān chī píng guǒ) "I don't like eating apples"
Questions
- Questions are formed using:
- (shén me) "what"
- (nǎ lǐ) "where"
- (shuí) "who"
- (jǐ) "how many" or "how"
- Example: (nǐ jiào shén me míng zì) "what's your name?"
Possession
- Possession is indicated by the particle (de) between the possessor and the possessed.
- Example: (wǒ de shū) "my book"
Comparisons
- Comparisons are made using:
- (bǐ) to indicate "than"
- (gèng) to indicate "more" or "very"
- Example: (tā bǐ wǒ gāo) "he is taller than me"
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Description
Learn the basics of Chinese grammar, including word order, particles, verb conjugation, negation, questions, possession, and comparisons. Understand how to form sentences and express yourself in Chinese.
