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Questions and Answers
What is the typical word order in Chinese sentences?
What is the typical word order in Chinese sentences?
- Verb-Subject-Object (VSO)
- Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) (correct)
- Object-Verb-Subject (OVS)
- Subject-Object-Verb (SOV)
Which particle indicates the passive voice in Chinese?
Which particle indicates the passive voice in Chinese?
- (ba)
- (de)
- (le)
- (bei) (correct)
How do Chinese verbs indicate tense, mood, or voice?
How do Chinese verbs indicate tense, mood, or voice?
- With time words
- Through conjugation
- Using aspect markers (correct)
- Through verb suffixes
Which word is used to indicate negation in Chinese?
Which word is used to indicate negation in Chinese?
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How are comparisons made in Chinese?
How are comparisons made in Chinese?
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What particle is used to indicate possession in Chinese?
What particle is used to indicate possession in Chinese?
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Study Notes
Word Order
- Chinese has a subject-verb-object (SVO) word order, similar to English.
- However, Chinese grammar is more flexible and word order can change depending on the context.
Particles
- Particles are small words that indicate the relationship between words in a sentence.
- Common particles include:
- (de) indicating possession or attribute
- (le) indicating completion or change of state
- (ba) indicating the topic or object
- (bei) indicating the passive voice
Verb Conjugation
- Chinese verbs do not conjugate according to tense, mood, or voice.
- Instead, time and aspect are indicated by:
- Aspect markers (e.g., (le), (guo), (zhe)) to indicate completed, experienced, or ongoing actions
- Time words (e.g., (jin tian) "today", (zuotian) "yesterday") to indicate time
Negation
- Negation is indicated by the word (bu) before the verb.
- Example: (wǒ bù xǐ huān chī píng guǒ) "I don't like eating apples"
Questions
- Questions are formed using:
- (shén me) "what"
- (nǎ lǐ) "where"
- (shuí) "who"
- (jǐ) "how many" or "how"
- Example: (nǐ jiào shén me míng zì) "what's your name?"
Possession
- Possession is indicated by the particle (de) between the possessor and the possessed.
- Example: (wǒ de shū) "my book"
Comparisons
- Comparisons are made using:
- (bǐ) to indicate "than"
- (gèng) to indicate "more" or "very"
- Example: (tā bǐ wǒ gāo) "he is taller than me"
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