China 1200-1450: Government and Society Quiz

China (1200-1450)

• A state is a continent, empire, or country run by a government.
• China had a bureaucracy and tested people to get into the bureaucracy, ensuring they had proper knowledge.
• Confucianism was used to justify this system, emphasizing the importance of following leaders.
• Women in Song Dynasty China had limited rights, as they didn't own property and their possessions became their husbands' after marriage.
• Footbinding was a practice used to show off beauty and wealth, but it was also a symbol of the subjugation of women.

Neo-Confucianism

• Neo-Confucianism was a change in Confucianism, incorporating new thoughts and rules from Buddhism.
• It was a continuation of Confucianism, but with some differences.

China's Achievements

• China was skilled in producing and manufacturing goods like porcelain and silk.
• The country grew a lot of food and built a strong infrastructure, including the canal.
• China's influence extended to neighboring countries, shaping their religious systems and cultural practices.
• China's military was also a model for other countries.

Islamic World

• The Islamic world contributed to the preservation of Greek and other philosophies, which they brought into the world of science.
• The Turks came into the area, overthrew the current power, and created three different empires: Seljuk Empire, Delhi Sultanate, and Mamluk Sultanate.
• Despite the changes, the Turks decided to keep their traditions, religion, and legal system.

Islamic World's Contributions

• The Islamic world introduced new ways of trade and military power.
• The Sufi movement, which emphasized spiritual learning and adaptation to local cultures, was a significant contribution.
• Islam spread quickly due to military conquests, trading, and missionary work.

Other Civilizations

• Hinduism and Islam can be found in South Asia, while Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam can be found in Southeast Asia.
• The Aztecs and Inkas were prominent in the Americas, with the Aztecs paying tribute through goods and the Inkas through labor.
• The Mali, Ghana, and Hausa empires were known for their trade and wealth, particularly Mansa Musa, who got rich through trading gold and other goods.

Europe

• In 1054, the Christian church split into the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church.
• Islam in Spain and Jews were present throughout Europe, while Europe was divided into hundreds of small political units.
• The Catholic Church provided a common identity, but the economy was primarily focused on food production, with limited trade and commerce.

Feudalism

• Feudalism was a decentralized political and economic system, making it challenging to work together to enforce laws or promote trade.

Trade Routes

• Three major trade routes were the Silk Roads, Indian Ocean Trade, and Tran-Saharan trade routes.
• Luxurious goods were traded via Silk Roads, while commercial goods were traded through other routes.