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Questions and Answers
What is a unique characteristic of pain experienced during labor?
What is a unique characteristic of pain experienced during labor?
- It is self-limiting and ends with childbirth. (correct)
- It requires long-term medication management.
- It lasts for several days after birth.
- It is often associated with injuries.
Which of the following factors does NOT influence pain experiences during labor?
Which of the following factors does NOT influence pain experiences during labor?
- Nutrition intake prior to labor (correct)
- Pain perception
- Pain tolerance
- Pain threshold
Which of the following is a non-pharmacologic pain management technique during labor?
Which of the following is a non-pharmacologic pain management technique during labor?
- Effleurage (correct)
- Fentanyl
- Epidural anesthesia
- Meperidine
What is one advantage of non-pharmacologic pain management in labor?
What is one advantage of non-pharmacologic pain management in labor?
Which of the following describes a major limitation of pharmacologic pain management during labor?
Which of the following describes a major limitation of pharmacologic pain management during labor?
What is the primary concern when administering narcotic analgesics during labor?
What is the primary concern when administering narcotic analgesics during labor?
What physiological risk does analgesia/anesthesia present for the mother during pregnancy?
What physiological risk does analgesia/anesthesia present for the mother during pregnancy?
Which source of pain during labor is related to the cervix?
Which source of pain during labor is related to the cervix?
What is an example of an adjunct drug used during labor management?
What is an example of an adjunct drug used during labor management?
How can caregivers influence pain experiences during labor?
How can caregivers influence pain experiences during labor?
What is a key advantage of using non-pharmacologic pain management during childbirth?
What is a key advantage of using non-pharmacologic pain management during childbirth?
Which type of regional anesthetic is specifically used for C-section deliveries?
Which type of regional anesthetic is specifically used for C-section deliveries?
What is a common adverse effect associated with the use of an Epidural Block?
What is a common adverse effect associated with the use of an Epidural Block?
Which of the following is a potential complication of General Anesthesia during cesarean delivery?
Which of the following is a potential complication of General Anesthesia during cesarean delivery?
What does pain tolerance refer to during labor?
What does pain tolerance refer to during labor?
In what situation is Nitrous Oxide typically administered to a laboring mother?
In what situation is Nitrous Oxide typically administered to a laboring mother?
What role does skin stimulation play in non-pharmacologic pain management?
What role does skin stimulation play in non-pharmacologic pain management?
What effect can benzodiazepines have when used for pain management during labor?
What effect can benzodiazepines have when used for pain management during labor?
What is the primary purpose of the nursing role in pharmacologic pain management?
What is the primary purpose of the nursing role in pharmacologic pain management?
What is one of the disadvantages of pharmacologic pain management during labor?
What is one of the disadvantages of pharmacologic pain management during labor?
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Study Notes
Childbirth Pain
- Normal, natural process
- Self-limiting, lasting for hours
- Ends with birth of baby
Variables in Childbirth Pain
- Pain Threshold: Individual sensitivity to pain.
- Pain Perception: How pain is interpreted.
- Pain Tolerance: Ability to cope with pain.
Sources of Pain During Childbirth
- Cervical dilation and stretching
- Reduced uterine blood supply during contractions (ischemia)
- Fetal pressure on pelvic structures
- Vaginal and perineal stretching
Non-pharmacologic Pain Management
- Advantages: Safe for mother and fetus, doesn't slow labor, no risk of allergies
- Limitations: Requires practice and preparation, often covered in childbirth classes
Non-Pharmacologic Pain Management Techniques
- Relaxation: Adjusting environment, education on tension signs
- Skin Stimulation: Effleurage, sacral pressure, thermal stimulation
- Positioning: Relieves pressure, supports body
- Diversion and Distraction: Focal point, imagery, music, TV
- Breathing Techniques: Cleansing breath, first stage techniques, second stage techniques
Pharmacologic Pain Management
- Advantages: Mother participates actively in birth, helps her relax and work with contractions, decreases stress response
- Limitations: Medications affect both mother and fetus, may slow labor, complications can limit options
Narcotic Analgesics
- Common Drugs: Meperidine (Demerol), Fentanyl (Sublimaze), Nalbuphine (Nubain)
- Safety Protocols: Close monitoring of mother and fetus
- Narcotic Antagonist: Naloxone (Narcan) reverses respiratory depression
Anesthetics
- Inhaled (Nitrous Oxide): Via face mask at peak of contraction, no effect on mother or fetus
Regional Anesthetics
- Epidural Block: Used for vaginal or C-section births
- Combine anesthetic drugs, infused through a catheter
- Adverse Effects: Maternal hypotension, urinary retention, prolonged second stage of labor
- Subarachnoid Block: Used for C-section ONLY
- "One-shot" injection with less medication
- Loss of all sensation and movement
- Adverse Effects: Maternal hypotension, urinary retention, post-spinal headache
- Local Block: Used for episiotomy or laceration repair
- Injection numbs the area
- Pudendal Block: Used for vaginal birth, episiotomy, forceps-assisted birth
- Adverse Effects: Vaginal hematoma, abscess
General Anesthesia
- Use: Emergency Cesarean delivery when regional block is contraindicated
- Adverse Maternal Effects: Vomiting with aspiration
- Adverse Fetal Effects: Respiratory depression
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