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Questions and Answers
What is the defining characteristic of the second stage of labor?
What is the defining characteristic of the second stage of labor?
- The baby is expelled. (correct)
- The cervix is fully dilated.
- The amniotic sac breaks.
- Contractions become more frequent.
What happens to the cervix during the second stage of labor?
What happens to the cervix during the second stage of labor?
- It remains fully dilated. (correct)
- It continues to dilate.
- It starts to close.
- It becomes thinner.
Which of the following events marks the end of the second stage of labor?
Which of the following events marks the end of the second stage of labor?
- The placenta is delivered.
- The cervix is fully dilated.
- The baby is delivered. (correct)
- Contractions become less frequent.
What is the first stage of labor characterized by?
What is the first stage of labor characterized by?
What happens during the third stage of labor?
What happens during the third stage of labor?
What is the first process that occurs in the passage of the head and trunk through the pelvis?
What is the first process that occurs in the passage of the head and trunk through the pelvis?
Which of the following is NOT a process that occurs during the passage of the head and trunk through the pelvis?
Which of the following is NOT a process that occurs during the passage of the head and trunk through the pelvis?
According to the content, what is the primary movement of the head throughout descent?
According to the content, what is the primary movement of the head throughout descent?
What does the content suggest about the pattern of the passage of the head and trunk through the pelvis?
What does the content suggest about the pattern of the passage of the head and trunk through the pelvis?
Which of these is mentioned in the content as a process that occurs during the passage of the head and trunk through the pelvis?
Which of these is mentioned in the content as a process that occurs during the passage of the head and trunk through the pelvis?
What effect does flexion have on the diameter of the presenting part?
What effect does flexion have on the diameter of the presenting part?
During internal rotation, where does the occiput typically move?
During internal rotation, where does the occiput typically move?
What is the normal course of the occiput during internal rotation?
What is the normal course of the occiput during internal rotation?
In cases of internal rotation, what is a possible movement of the occiput?
In cases of internal rotation, what is a possible movement of the occiput?
What change occurs to the presenting part's diameter during flexion?
What change occurs to the presenting part's diameter during flexion?
What happens to the head during flxion?
What happens to the head during flxion?
Which anatomical structure does the base of the occiput contact during the process described?
Which anatomical structure does the base of the occiput contact during the process described?
What is the next movement of the head after it descends to the vulva?
What is the next movement of the head after it descends to the vulva?
What is the final outcome of the head's movement during this process?
What is the final outcome of the head's movement during this process?
What occurs at the point where the base of the occiput contacts the inferior rami of the pubis?
What occurs at the point where the base of the occiput contacts the inferior rami of the pubis?
What occurs after the head is delivered during a birth?
What occurs after the head is delivered during a birth?
When does external rotation occur during childbirth?
When does external rotation occur during childbirth?
What is the position of the shoulders during external rotation?
What is the position of the shoulders during external rotation?
Which of the following is NOT a stage of birth?
Which of the following is NOT a stage of birth?
What happens during restitution in childbirth?
What happens during restitution in childbirth?
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Study Notes
Stage 2 of Labor
- Stage 2 begins at full dilatation of the cervix and ends with the expulsion of the baby.
Descent of the Head
- The head descends throughout labor.
- Flexion of the head produces a smaller diameter of the presenting part, changing the occipito-frontal diameter to suboccipito-pregmatic diameter.
Internal Rotation of the Head
- The head rotates as it strikes the pelvic floor.
- The occiput moves from its original lateral position towards the pubic symphysis.
- Occasionally, the occiput moves posteriorly towards the hollow of the sacrum.
Extension of the Head
- The head in flexion descends to the vulva.
- The base of the occiput comes into contact with the inferior rami of the pubis.
- The head extends until it delivers.
Restitution of the Head
- Following delivery, the head rotates back to its original position in relation to the shoulders.
External Rotation of the Shoulders
- When the shoulders reach the pelvic floor, they rotate into the antero-posterior position.
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