Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of these options are correct? (Select all that apply)
Which of these options are correct? (Select all that apply)
A child who is blind from birth has difficulty relating to the environment and may have difficulty meeting growth and development milestones.
A child who is blind from birth has difficulty relating to the environment and may have difficulty meeting growth and development milestones.
True (A)
You are the emergency department nurse admitting a 6-year-old male client who has come in by ambulance from his school. The paramedics inform you that the child has been having repeated seizures for approximately 35 minutes. What drug would you expect the health care provider to order?
You are the emergency department nurse admitting a 6-year-old male client who has come in by ambulance from his school. The paramedics inform you that the child has been having repeated seizures for approximately 35 minutes. What drug would you expect the health care provider to order?
Moderate technology has greatly improved the life of a child with cerebral palsy.
Moderate technology has greatly improved the life of a child with cerebral palsy.
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Which age group is most likely to receive a head injury from child abuse?
Which age group is most likely to receive a head injury from child abuse?
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Match the types of seizures with their descriptions:
Match the types of seizures with their descriptions:
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What is one of the major nursing interventions with a child who has had a tonsillectomy?
What is one of the major nursing interventions with a child who has had a tonsillectomy?
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In the newborn, meconium ileus is the earliest sign/symptom of cystic fibrosis. Meconium ileus is treated with gently administered hyperosmolar enemas.
In the newborn, meconium ileus is the earliest sign/symptom of cystic fibrosis. Meconium ileus is treated with gently administered hyperosmolar enemas.
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What disease is a sex-linked recessive trait caused by a deficiency of factor IX?
What disease is a sex-linked recessive trait caused by a deficiency of factor IX?
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Flashcards
Newborn Vision
Newborn Vision
Newborns have 20/200 to 20/400 vision acuity and see blurry.
Depth Perception Development
Depth Perception Development
Depth perception develops around 7 months as infants move objects between hands.
Myopia
Myopia
A vision impairment where one can see near but not far; typically corrected with glasses.
Hyperopia
Hyperopia
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Astigmatism
Astigmatism
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Strabismus
Strabismus
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Febrile Seizures
Febrile Seizures
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Seizure Disorders
Seizure Disorders
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Status Epilepticus
Status Epilepticus
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Acute Otitis Media
Acute Otitis Media
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Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy
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Intellectual Disability
Intellectual Disability
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Reye Syndrome
Reye Syndrome
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Hemophilia
Hemophilia
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Kawasaki Disease
Kawasaki Disease
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Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle Cell Disease
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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
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Immunizations Schedule
Immunizations Schedule
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Tonsillitis Symptoms
Tonsillitis Symptoms
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Hearing Loss Types
Hearing Loss Types
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Conjunctivitis Treatment
Conjunctivitis Treatment
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Pneumonia Symptoms
Pneumonia Symptoms
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Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis
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Asthma Attack Triggers
Asthma Attack Triggers
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Seizure Precautions
Seizure Precautions
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Nursing for Tonsillectomy
Nursing for Tonsillectomy
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Cardiac Tamponade Symptoms
Cardiac Tamponade Symptoms
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Study Notes
Growth & Development
- Infants start with immature nervous systems, evident in their leg movements.
- Gross and fine motor skills develop as the child grows.
- Communication skills improve over time.
Vision
- Newborn vision is blurry, with acuity at 20/200 or 20/400.
- Two months old, infants can track moving objects.
- Seven months old, infants demonstrate depth perception.
- By 5-6 years old, vision usually reaches 20/20.
- Myopia (nearsightedness) and hyperopia (farsightedness) require corrective lenses.
- Astigmatism causes blurry or distorted vision at any distance.
- Strabismus, or crossed eyes, need treatment including patching or surgery.
- Corrected vision might still mean legally blind/partial sight.
- Children rely on other senses to navigate in these conditions.
Vision (Continued)
- Conjunctivitis (pink eye) can be bacterial or viral.
- Bacterial pink eye has yellow/green discharge and itching in one eye that can spread.
- Viral pink eye has clear or white discharge and itching in one eye. An allergic reaction can cause both eyes to itch, have discharge and be watery.
- A foreign object in the eye can cause the eye to be red, watery, and irritated.
- Bacterial infection is a stye.
- Treatment includes antibiotics and warm compresses.
Hearing
- Hearing is usually intact at birth.
- Hearing tests are conducted after birth.
- Conductive hearing loss is often reversible, due to blockages such as earwax or fluid.
- Sensorineural hearing loss is not reversible.
- Causes or medications can damage hearing.
- Acute otitis media (ear infection) causes irritability, fever, decrease in appetite.
- Children might shake their head or pull at their ears.
- Signs include pain when laying down due to fluid buildup.
- Diagnosis involves checking the eardrum appearance.
- Treatment involves antibiotics and monitoring for complications.
Reye's Syndrome
- Often appears after a viral infection, potentially following an aspirin ingestion.
- Involves damage to the brain and liver.
- Characterized by severe vomiting, irritability, and confusion.
- Requires supportive care in a hospital intensive-care unit, often monitoring intracranial pressure.
- Avoid administering aspirin to children under age 19, especially during or following a viral infection.
Seizures
- Seizures are abnormal electrical activity in the brain, leading to involuntary movements and other symptoms.
- Acute febrile seizures occur with fever and can be seen in children aged 6 months to 3 years old
- Seizure disorders involve repeated seizures, and can be categorized as focal onset or generalized.
- Partial seizures affect one side of the brain, and a person may experience muscle jerking, eye blinking, or lip smacking. The person does not typically lose consciousness.
- Generalized seizures affect both sides of the brain simultaneously. The person usually loses consciousness.
- Seizure types & characteristics including those related to known symptoms like, absence, atonic, & myoclonic are discussed.
- Acute seizures and seizure disorders like epilepsy are also discussed.
Nursing Care (Seizures)
- Ensure a safe environment during seizures.
- Monitor vital signs.
- Watch and monitor the seizures.
- Administer medications (as directed) to control seizures.
- Provide patient & family education before and after seizure to prevent harm.
Other Diseases
- Information on cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and various types of infections, including meningitis, is also present. Information is not comprehensive, but important areas are included.
- Information regarding symptoms, diagnosis, complications, nursing considerations, and treatment options are also provided for each disease
- Specific details on conjunctivitis, hearing loss, eye conditions (strabismus, myopia etc) are included.
Common Questions
- Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) relating to various medical conditions discussed in the notes are included.
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Description
This quiz explores the aspects of child development focusing on growth milestones, motor skills, and vision evolution from infancy to early childhood. Discover how vision acuity progresses and the common eye conditions affecting children. Test your knowledge about how infants perceive their environment and the changes in vision through early years.