Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a function of problem behavior classified as 'escape'?
What is a function of problem behavior classified as 'escape'?
- To gain access to a tangible item
- To obtain attention from peers
- To avoid a challenging task (correct)
- To seek sensory stimulation
Which factor is NOT mentioned as contributing to or predicting challenging behavior?
Which factor is NOT mentioned as contributing to or predicting challenging behavior?
- Instructional strategies
- Degree of choice
- Physical setting
- Student's individual preferences (correct)
Which of the following is a behavioral function that involves obtaining something?
Which of the following is a behavioral function that involves obtaining something?
- Avoidance of adult attention
- To get stimulation from peers (correct)
- Escape from social interaction
- Rejection of structured activities
What can be included in a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) as a condition that contributes to challenging behavior?
What can be included in a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) as a condition that contributes to challenging behavior?
Which aspect is associated with the 'social' function of behavior?
Which aspect is associated with the 'social' function of behavior?
Which behavior strategy is applicable to all developmental levels listed?
Which behavior strategy is applicable to all developmental levels listed?
At what developmental stage does 'First/then Structuring (Premack)' stop being applicable?
At what developmental stage does 'First/then Structuring (Premack)' stop being applicable?
Which strategy primarily focuses on recognizing positive behavior in children?
Which strategy primarily focuses on recognizing positive behavior in children?
Which behavior strategy is specific to earning points for future reinforcers?
Which behavior strategy is specific to earning points for future reinforcers?
Which statement about 'Script training' is true?
Which statement about 'Script training' is true?
What type of strategies are emphasized for preventing challenging behaviors?
What type of strategies are emphasized for preventing challenging behaviors?
Which of the following is an example of a functionally equivalent replacement behavior for a student trying to escape?
Which of the following is an example of a functionally equivalent replacement behavior for a student trying to escape?
What is the purpose of reinforcing and expanding current skills in a teaching strategy?
What is the purpose of reinforcing and expanding current skills in a teaching strategy?
In the context of work tasks, which of the following is NOT considered a challenging behavior?
In the context of work tasks, which of the following is NOT considered a challenging behavior?
What behavior is encouraged as a replacement when a student is seeking attention?
What behavior is encouraged as a replacement when a student is seeking attention?
During circle time, if a student runs away, which teaching strategy can be applied?
During circle time, if a student runs away, which teaching strategy can be applied?
What is the underlying function of running to the teacher during an activity?
What is the underlying function of running to the teacher during an activity?
What method can be used to prompt replacement behavior when a student interrupts?
What method can be used to prompt replacement behavior when a student interrupts?
What is the primary focus of shaping a new behavior?
What is the primary focus of shaping a new behavior?
What does the process of reinforcing 'successive approximations' entail?
What does the process of reinforcing 'successive approximations' entail?
For which scenario is shaping particularly useful?
For which scenario is shaping particularly useful?
In shaping the behavior of wearing headphones, what is the first step?
In shaping the behavior of wearing headphones, what is the first step?
What is a key consideration when shaping behaviors over time?
What is a key consideration when shaping behaviors over time?
What can be inferred about shaping as a teaching method?
What can be inferred about shaping as a teaching method?
Which option is NOT mentioned as a resource for behavior and disability support?
Which option is NOT mentioned as a resource for behavior and disability support?
How should new behaviors ideally be taught according to shaping techniques?
How should new behaviors ideally be taught according to shaping techniques?
What is a potential drawback of using invasive prompting during behavior shaping?
What is a potential drawback of using invasive prompting during behavior shaping?
Which step follows wearing headphones for 1 second in the shaping sequence?
Which step follows wearing headphones for 1 second in the shaping sequence?
What type of communication involves the use of sign language?
What type of communication involves the use of sign language?
At what developmental stage do children begin to use representational objects?
At what developmental stage do children begin to use representational objects?
Which of the following strategies is NOT likely to be successful for pre-logical reasoners?
Which of the following strategies is NOT likely to be successful for pre-logical reasoners?
What does the term 'errorless learning' refer to in the context of child engagement?
What does the term 'errorless learning' refer to in the context of child engagement?
Which strategy helps to enhance a child's engagement during learning?
Which strategy helps to enhance a child's engagement during learning?
What type of reinforcement is emphasized for effective learning in young children?
What type of reinforcement is emphasized for effective learning in young children?
Which of the following should be emphasized when working at a child's developmental level?
Which of the following should be emphasized when working at a child's developmental level?
What effect does reducing the aversiveness of a situation have on student behavior?
What effect does reducing the aversiveness of a situation have on student behavior?
What is the purpose of 'sandwiching' preferred activities with non-preferred ones?
What is the purpose of 'sandwiching' preferred activities with non-preferred ones?
What type of behavior might a student exhibit in response to a long, perceived hard activity?
What type of behavior might a student exhibit in response to a long, perceived hard activity?
In early childhood development, what does 'size discrimination' refer to?
In early childhood development, what does 'size discrimination' refer to?
Which of the following describes a typical behavior of children aged 2-4 years in learning?
Which of the following describes a typical behavior of children aged 2-4 years in learning?
What strategy can be used to concretize the concept of time for children?
What strategy can be used to concretize the concept of time for children?
Which of the following is an example of presymbolic communication?
Which of the following is an example of presymbolic communication?
Study Notes
Introduction
- Observation of minutiae is essential for understanding the functions behind problem behaviors.
- Key areas to consider: Obtaining/getting, escaping/avoiding, and rejecting.
Influencing Hypothesis Statements
- Environment: physical setting, instruction, schedules, independence, social interaction, and choice.
- Child Development: consider the child's developmental stage and related skills.
The Development of Sharing
- Early-late sensory motor stages (under 24 months) involve skills like visual searching, reaching, grasping, mouthing, waving, banging, showing, and object disappearance understanding.
- Development during 2-4 years old includes the ability to represent things using symbols like photos, pictures, words, and text.
- Skills at this age include labeling, matching, classifying, and some size and quantity discrimination.
Pre-Logical Reasoners
- Pre-logical reasoners benefit from strategies like teaching "the rule is," frequent reinforcement, first/then structures, teaching routines, modeling, script training, reduced instructional language, and step-by-step instruction.
- It's unlikely for them to benefit from card pulling, points for long-term reinforcement, complex self-evaluation, behavior contracts, group reinforcers, or following very detailed schedules.
Prevention Strategies
- Prevention strategies aim to eliminate or reduce behavior challenges.
- They work by changing antecedents, reducing situation aversiveness, increasing engagement, and providing opportunities to gradually increase demands.
Matching Strategies to Behavior Function and Developmental Level
- Matching behavior strategies to behavior function and developmental level is essential for success.
- Strategies include:
- Teaching "the rule is..."
- First/then structuring (Premack)
- Immediate social and tangible reinforcers.
- Script training.
Shaping a New Behavior
- Shaping breaks down a behavior into smaller, manageable components, reinforcing successive approximations of the target behavior.
- Shaping is useful for multiple-step tasks that occur frequently.
Resources and Training
- Resources for behavior and disability support include PENT, Institute on Violence and Destructive Behavior, Learning Disabilities Association of America, AAIDD, and the National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders.
- Resources for data collection and graphing include the National Center on Student Progress Monitoring, Intervention Central, Chart Dog, and ClassDojo.
- Training evaluation forms are available to receive a certificate and sign up for live Q&A sessions.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts in child development, particularly relating to problem behaviors and the developmental stages from infancy to early childhood. It explores observation techniques, environmental influences, and effective teaching strategies for pre-logical reasoners. Test your understanding of these essential developmental milestones and learning concepts.
