Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following milestones of cognitive development have most three-and four-year-olds achieved?
Which of the following milestones of cognitive development have most three-and four-year-olds achieved?
- Stating the months of the year in correct order
- Distinguishing between left and right
- Reading text accurately from a picture book
- Understanding of past and present (correct)
Which of the following utterances made by a six-year-old is most closely associated with a speech impairment?
Which of the following utterances made by a six-year-old is most closely associated with a speech impairment?
- I saw a wabbit.
- Yoot a de bue tain. (correct)
- I goed swimming yesterday.
- My mommy loves fishes.
Which of the following developmental milestones of communication is most closely related to a typically developing five-month-old infant?
Which of the following developmental milestones of communication is most closely related to a typically developing five-month-old infant?
- following one-step directions (e.g., 'Roll the ball.')
- pointing to body parts when prompted (e.g., 'Where's your nose?')
- saying one or two words (e.g., Mommy)
- making babbling sounds (e.g., dadada) (correct)
A high school student with moderate autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may likely require additional support in which of the following areas of social-emotional development?
A high school student with moderate autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may likely require additional support in which of the following areas of social-emotional development?
Which of the following emotional responses to accidentally breaking a toy would be typical of a two-year-old child who is developing along expected timelines?
Which of the following emotional responses to accidentally breaking a toy would be typical of a two-year-old child who is developing along expected timelines?
Which of the following processes for learning across domains best supports early elementary school students' development?
Which of the following processes for learning across domains best supports early elementary school students' development?
A young child is exposed to rich, meaningful conversations and engages in many discussions with family members. This will most likely support the child's development in which of the following areas of literacy development?
A young child is exposed to rich, meaningful conversations and engages in many discussions with family members. This will most likely support the child's development in which of the following areas of literacy development?
A second-grade student recently arrived from another country to the US. The students demonstrates a speech sound disorder when speaking their home languages, which had a different alphabetic system than English. As a results of these factors, which of the following language milestones will be most directly impacted when the student learns English?
A second-grade student recently arrived from another country to the US. The students demonstrates a speech sound disorder when speaking their home languages, which had a different alphabetic system than English. As a results of these factors, which of the following language milestones will be most directly impacted when the student learns English?
Which of the following descriptions best characterizes a student with a developmental delay?
Which of the following descriptions best characterizes a student with a developmental delay?
A six-year-old student with mixed hearing loss often struggled to hear some word endings. Which of the following challenged related to language development may the student face as a result?
A six-year-old student with mixed hearing loss often struggled to hear some word endings. Which of the following challenged related to language development may the student face as a result?
Early in the school year, a parent of a five-year old with a developmental delay has noticed their child has been having more difficulty with behavior at home since school started and asks the child's teacher for suggestions on establishing a more predictable schedule for the child when not at school. Which of the following resources should the teacher suggest?
Early in the school year, a parent of a five-year old with a developmental delay has noticed their child has been having more difficulty with behavior at home since school started and asks the child's teacher for suggestions on establishing a more predictable schedule for the child when not at school. Which of the following resources should the teacher suggest?
Which of the following behaviors is most closely associated with a ten-year-old with a social-emotional disorder?
Which of the following behaviors is most closely associated with a ten-year-old with a social-emotional disorder?
A nine-year-old student with a fluency disorder struggles with initiating speech and, when nervous, speaks at a fast rate with moments of disfluency. Consequently, the student it often misunderstood by peers and adults. Which of the following academic difficulties is the student likely to have as a result?
A nine-year-old student with a fluency disorder struggles with initiating speech and, when nervous, speaks at a fast rate with moments of disfluency. Consequently, the student it often misunderstood by peers and adults. Which of the following academic difficulties is the student likely to have as a result?
A middle school student with a social-emotional disorder has experience trauma related to a recent natural disaster and is fearful about the possibility of having this experience again. The student's special education teacher and content-area teachers meet to discuss the student and note that the student exhibits trouble focusing and sometimes paces around the room, even during subjects that are of high interest. The teachers consider ways to support the student's learning during this time. Which of the following questions would be most effective in initially supporting the student?
A middle school student with a social-emotional disorder has experience trauma related to a recent natural disaster and is fearful about the possibility of having this experience again. The student's special education teacher and content-area teachers meet to discuss the student and note that the student exhibits trouble focusing and sometimes paces around the room, even during subjects that are of high interest. The teachers consider ways to support the student's learning during this time. Which of the following questions would be most effective in initially supporting the student?
A fifth-grade student has low vision and wears glasses. The student enjoys listening to and telling stories by finds reading independently for sustained periods of time tiring. Based on this information, which of the following academic tasks would the student likely find difficult?
A fifth-grade student has low vision and wears glasses. The student enjoys listening to and telling stories by finds reading independently for sustained periods of time tiring. Based on this information, which of the following academic tasks would the student likely find difficult?
Which of the following steps is most critical during the initial stage or formal transition planning for a 14 year old?
Which of the following steps is most critical during the initial stage or formal transition planning for a 14 year old?
A special education teacher must take which of the following steps when requesting information from a psychiatrist about a student as part of the special education assessment process?
A special education teacher must take which of the following steps when requesting information from a psychiatrist about a student as part of the special education assessment process?
A special education teacher is summarizing the evaluation findings of a second-grade student with a suspected intellectual disability. As part of the assessment, the teacher administered a standardized assessment that is normed on a younger population of students to obtain information about the student's development age-equivalency. Which of the following strategies related to scoring the assessment would be most appropriate in ensuring the accuracy of the information?
A special education teacher is summarizing the evaluation findings of a second-grade student with a suspected intellectual disability. As part of the assessment, the teacher administered a standardized assessment that is normed on a younger population of students to obtain information about the student's development age-equivalency. Which of the following strategies related to scoring the assessment would be most appropriate in ensuring the accuracy of the information?
For which of the following purposes would a behavior frequency chart be used most appropriately?
For which of the following purposes would a behavior frequency chart be used most appropriately?
A special education team is discussing the evaluation process for a student who is suspected of having a specific learning disability. Which of the following assessment practices would be most appropriate to ensure that the process is fair and equitable?
A special education team is discussing the evaluation process for a student who is suspected of having a specific learning disability. Which of the following assessment practices would be most appropriate to ensure that the process is fair and equitable?
Evaluating students performance using a growth model that incorporates multiple measures of learning compared at different points in time benefits students in which of the following ways?
Evaluating students performance using a growth model that incorporates multiple measures of learning compared at different points in time benefits students in which of the following ways?
Screening tools are best described as forms of assessment that have which of the following characteristics?
Screening tools are best described as forms of assessment that have which of the following characteristics?
A student with hearing loss communicates primarily using ASL and uses and educational interpreter at school. For an upcoming state assessment, which of the following accommodations would best support this student's needs while maintaining the validity of the assessment?
A student with hearing loss communicates primarily using ASL and uses and educational interpreter at school. For an upcoming state assessment, which of the following accommodations would best support this student's needs while maintaining the validity of the assessment?
Which of the following communication strategies would be most appropriate for a special education teacher to use when describing assessment results to family members during an initial eligibility meeting?
Which of the following communication strategies would be most appropriate for a special education teacher to use when describing assessment results to family members during an initial eligibility meeting?
After a functional behavior assessment has been conducted, an intervention team meets to create a behavior intervention plan for a student with an emotional disability who has recently been demonstrating disruptive behavior that has not responded to informal intervention approaches. The team begins the BIP by developing short-term and long-term behavioral goals. A primary purpose of this step of goal development is to:
After a functional behavior assessment has been conducted, an intervention team meets to create a behavior intervention plan for a student with an emotional disability who has recently been demonstrating disruptive behavior that has not responded to informal intervention approaches. The team begins the BIP by developing short-term and long-term behavioral goals. A primary purpose of this step of goal development is to:
Which of the following steps is required by federal law to be completed by a school before determining that a middle school student who had been identified as having a specific learning disability no longer meets the criteria for special education services?
Which of the following steps is required by federal law to be completed by a school before determining that a middle school student who had been identified as having a specific learning disability no longer meets the criteria for special education services?
An elementary school offers a weekly art class for all students. Early in the school year, the art teacher asks the special education teacher to collaborate on modifying the learning environment for a student who receives special education services and needs support following multistep instructions. Which of the following strategies would best address the student's needs?
An elementary school offers a weekly art class for all students. Early in the school year, the art teacher asks the special education teacher to collaborate on modifying the learning environment for a student who receives special education services and needs support following multistep instructions. Which of the following strategies would best address the student's needs?
According to IL law, which of the following steps must occur prior to holding an eligibility meeting for a student who has undergone a full educational evaluation for a suspected learning disability?
According to IL law, which of the following steps must occur prior to holding an eligibility meeting for a student who has undergone a full educational evaluation for a suspected learning disability?
A special education teacher contacts Parents/guardians prior to a meeting at which assessment results will be presented. The teacher asks if any accommodations are needed and learns there will be a family member present who speaks a language other than English. The family requests an interpreter to ensure everyone understands the discussion. Which of the following steps would be most appropriate response to this request?
A special education teacher contacts Parents/guardians prior to a meeting at which assessment results will be presented. The teacher asks if any accommodations are needed and learns there will be a family member present who speaks a language other than English. The family requests an interpreter to ensure everyone understands the discussion. Which of the following steps would be most appropriate response to this request?
Which of the following factors has highest importance when deciding a student's eligibility for special education services?
Which of the following factors has highest importance when deciding a student's eligibility for special education services?
Which of the following educational practices most directly supports appropriate identification of students from diverse backgrounds who should be referred to intervention teams for language-based disabilities?
Which of the following educational practices most directly supports appropriate identification of students from diverse backgrounds who should be referred to intervention teams for language-based disabilities?
Which of the following types of information is a school most likely trying to determine by conducting a risk ratio of students receiving special educational services?
Which of the following types of information is a school most likely trying to determine by conducting a risk ratio of students receiving special educational services?
Which of the following situations represents the provision of related services in the LRE?
Which of the following situations represents the provision of related services in the LRE?
As part of preparation for writing a student's IEP progress report, special education teachers and service providers must:
As part of preparation for writing a student's IEP progress report, special education teachers and service providers must:
Which of the following strategies would best facilitate collaboration and accountability among IEP team members when developing a student's IEP?
Which of the following strategies would best facilitate collaboration and accountability among IEP team members when developing a student's IEP?
Which of the following steps must be completed when developing transition plans as part of a high school student's IEP (program)?
Which of the following steps must be completed when developing transition plans as part of a high school student's IEP (program)?
Which of the following questions would be most important to consider when determining the appropriateness of a student's placement in the general education setting?
Which of the following questions would be most important to consider when determining the appropriateness of a student's placement in the general education setting?
An IEP team is working on developing standards-based educational goals and benchmarks for a student in second grade who has a specific learning disability. Which of the following steps in this goal development process is most important to take after reviewing the student's present level of performance?
An IEP team is working on developing standards-based educational goals and benchmarks for a student in second grade who has a specific learning disability. Which of the following steps in this goal development process is most important to take after reviewing the student's present level of performance?
A special education teacher is conferring with a fourth-grade general education teacher about the routine that occurs at the end of the school day. A student in the class uses a wheelchair for mobility, and the general education teacher discloses that the student rarely participates when students are asked to help tidy the classroom. Which of the following strategies for the general education teacher would best address this situation in a way that enhances the classroom community?
A special education teacher is conferring with a fourth-grade general education teacher about the routine that occurs at the end of the school day. A student in the class uses a wheelchair for mobility, and the general education teacher discloses that the student rarely participates when students are asked to help tidy the classroom. Which of the following strategies for the general education teacher would best address this situation in a way that enhances the classroom community?
A middle school student who has a SLD that primarily affects decoding attends class in the general education setting. The student's English language arts class is co-taught by a general education teacher and a special education teacher. Students are about to begin a unit in which they will read modern works of fiction. Which of the following strategies would provide the most appropriate modification of this text for this student?
A middle school student who has a SLD that primarily affects decoding attends class in the general education setting. The student's English language arts class is co-taught by a general education teacher and a special education teacher. Students are about to begin a unit in which they will read modern works of fiction. Which of the following strategies would provide the most appropriate modification of this text for this student?
Which of the following factors should be considered when determining if word prediction software would promote a student's access to the curriculum?
Which of the following factors should be considered when determining if word prediction software would promote a student's access to the curriculum?
Which of the following classroom strategies would best support feelings of empowerment and self-esteem in students with disabilities?
Which of the following classroom strategies would best support feelings of empowerment and self-esteem in students with disabilities?
Which of the following scenarios illustrates a teacher who is interpreting students' communication patterns based on their own personal cultural background?
Which of the following scenarios illustrates a teacher who is interpreting students' communication patterns based on their own personal cultural background?
A special education teacher is working with students in a life-skills program on specific vocational skills that will be needed to participate in a community employment program. The teacher is using a backward design approach and has determined the desired skills and developed a rubric that assesses student learning outcomes. Which of the following questions would the teacher address next in evaluating what is needed for effective instruction?
A special education teacher is working with students in a life-skills program on specific vocational skills that will be needed to participate in a community employment program. The teacher is using a backward design approach and has determined the desired skills and developed a rubric that assesses student learning outcomes. Which of the following questions would the teacher address next in evaluating what is needed for effective instruction?
Which of the following strategies would best support the communication needs of a third-grade student who uses a speech-generating communication device when engaging in group work?
Which of the following strategies would best support the communication needs of a third-grade student who uses a speech-generating communication device when engaging in group work?
Flashcards
What is a common communication milestone for a five-month-old infant?
What is a common communication milestone for a five-month-old infant?
A typically developing five-month-old makes repetitive sounds like 'dadada' or 'bababa' while exploring language.
What challenge might a six-year-old with mixed hearing loss face in language development?
What challenge might a six-year-old with mixed hearing loss face in language development?
A student who struggles to hear word endings may mispronounce plurals and verb tenses, leading to confusion in communication.
What social-emotional area might a high school student with autism spectrum disorder need additional support in?
What social-emotional area might a high school student with autism spectrum disorder need additional support in?
Students with autism spectrum disorder often struggle to understand social cues like facial expressions, making it difficult to respond appropriately in social situations.
How does a typical two-year-old respond to accidentally breaking a toy?
How does a typical two-year-old respond to accidentally breaking a toy?
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What aspect of literacy development is most likely supported by engaging in conversations with family members?
What aspect of literacy development is most likely supported by engaging in conversations with family members?
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For a student with a speech sound disorder who recently arrived from another country, which language milestone would be most directly impacted?
For a student with a speech sound disorder who recently arrived from another country, which language milestone would be most directly impacted?
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What characterizes a student with a developmental delay?
What characterizes a student with a developmental delay?
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What academic challenge might a nine-year-old with a fluency disorder face?
What academic challenge might a nine-year-old with a fluency disorder face?
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What question should be prioritized when supporting a student with a social-emotional disorder who experienced trauma?
What question should be prioritized when supporting a student with a social-emotional disorder who experienced trauma?
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What academic task might a student with low vision find challenging?
What academic task might a student with low vision find challenging?
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What is the most critical initial step in transition planning for a 14-year-old student?
What is the most critical initial step in transition planning for a 14-year-old student?
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What step is required when requesting information from a psychiatrist about a student?
What step is required when requesting information from a psychiatrist about a student?
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How should a teacher handle scoring standardized assessments when determining a student's developmental age equivalency?
How should a teacher handle scoring standardized assessments when determining a student's developmental age equivalency?
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What is the primary purpose of a behavior frequency chart?
What is the primary purpose of a behavior frequency chart?
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What assessment practice is essential to ensure a fair evaluation process for a student with a suspected learning disability?
What assessment practice is essential to ensure a fair evaluation process for a student with a suspected learning disability?
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How does a growth model benefit students in terms of evaluating performance?
How does a growth model benefit students in terms of evaluating performance?
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What is the main characteristic of screening tools in assessment?
What is the main characteristic of screening tools in assessment?
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What accommodation would best support a student who uses ASL during a state assessment?
What accommodation would best support a student who uses ASL during a state assessment?
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What communication strategy is most appropriate when describing assessment results to family members?
What communication strategy is most appropriate when describing assessment results to family members?
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What is the primary purpose of developing behavioral goals in a behavior intervention plan?
What is the primary purpose of developing behavioral goals in a behavior intervention plan?
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What step is required by federal law before determining that a student no longer needs special education services?
What step is required by federal law before determining that a student no longer needs special education services?
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What strategy best supports a student who needs support following multistep instructions in an art class?
What strategy best supports a student who needs support following multistep instructions in an art class?
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What step must occur prior to an eligibility meeting for a student with a suspected learning disability?
What step must occur prior to an eligibility meeting for a student with a suspected learning disability?
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What step should be taken when a family requests an interpreter for an IEP meeting?
What step should be taken when a family requests an interpreter for an IEP meeting?
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What factor is most important when deciding a student's eligibility for special education services?
What factor is most important when deciding a student's eligibility for special education services?
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What educational practice effectively helps identify students with language-based disabilities from diverse backgrounds?
What educational practice effectively helps identify students with language-based disabilities from diverse backgrounds?
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What is the purpose of a risk ratio for students receiving special education services?
What is the purpose of a risk ratio for students receiving special education services?
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What is an example of related services provided in the least restrictive environment (LRE)?
What is an example of related services provided in the least restrictive environment (LRE)?
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What must special education teachers do when preparing an IEP progress report?
What must special education teachers do when preparing an IEP progress report?
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What strategy best facilitates collaborative decision-making and accountability when developing an IEP?
What strategy best facilitates collaborative decision-making and accountability when developing an IEP?
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What is required when developing transition plans as part of a student's IEP?
What is required when developing transition plans as part of a student's IEP?
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What question is most important to consider when deciding the appropriateness of a student's placement in the general education setting?
What question is most important to consider when deciding the appropriateness of a student's placement in the general education setting?
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What is the most important step in developing standards-based goals and benchmarks for a student in an IEP?
What is the most important step in developing standards-based goals and benchmarks for a student in an IEP?
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What strategy best addresses the issue of a student in a wheelchair not participating in classroom cleanup?
What strategy best addresses the issue of a student in a wheelchair not participating in classroom cleanup?
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What modification would best support a student with a decoding disability during a unit on modern fiction?
What modification would best support a student with a decoding disability during a unit on modern fiction?
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What cognitive development milestone is typical of three to four-year-olds?
What cognitive development milestone is typical of three to four-year-olds?
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What utterance from a six-year-old might indicate a speech impairment?
What utterance from a six-year-old might indicate a speech impairment?
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What communication milestone signals a typical five-month-old?
What communication milestone signals a typical five-month-old?
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What social-emotional area might require extra support for a high school student with moderate ASD?
What social-emotional area might require extra support for a high school student with moderate ASD?
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How does a typical two-year-old respond to breaking a toy?
How does a typical two-year-old respond to breaking a toy?
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What process supports learning across domains in early elementary school?
What process supports learning across domains in early elementary school?
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What is a key benefit of rich conversations for young children's literacy?
What is a key benefit of rich conversations for young children's literacy?
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What language milestone might be impacted for a student with a speech sound disorder from another country?
What language milestone might be impacted for a student with a speech sound disorder from another country?
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What characterizes a developmental delay in a child?
What characterizes a developmental delay in a child?
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What language challenge might a six-year-old with mixed hearing loss face?
What language challenge might a six-year-old with mixed hearing loss face?
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What resource should a teacher suggest to a parent whose five-year-old child is struggling with behavior changes at home?
What resource should a teacher suggest to a parent whose five-year-old child is struggling with behavior changes at home?
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What behavior might suggest a social-emotional disorder in a ten-year-old?
What behavior might suggest a social-emotional disorder in a ten-year-old?
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What academic difficulty might result from a nine-year-old's fluency disorder?
What academic difficulty might result from a nine-year-old's fluency disorder?
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What question is most important when supporting a student with trauma?
What question is most important when supporting a student with trauma?
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What academic task might be challenging for a student with low vision?
What academic task might be challenging for a student with low vision?
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What is the most critical initial step in transition planning for a 14-year-old?
What is the most critical initial step in transition planning for a 14-year-old?
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What step is required to obtain information from a student's psychiatrist?
What step is required to obtain information from a student's psychiatrist?
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How to handle scoring standardized assessments for developmental age equivalency?
How to handle scoring standardized assessments for developmental age equivalency?
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What is the primary use of a behavior frequency chart?
What is the primary use of a behavior frequency chart?
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What assessment practice is important for a fair evaluation of a student with a suspected learning disability?
What assessment practice is important for a fair evaluation of a student with a suspected learning disability?
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What is the main characteristic of screening tools?
What is the main characteristic of screening tools?
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What communication strategy is most appropriate for describing assessment results to families?
What communication strategy is most appropriate for describing assessment results to families?
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What is the primary purpose of developing behavioral goals during BIP development?
What is the primary purpose of developing behavioral goals during BIP development?
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What is required by federal law before a student is deemed to no longer need special education services?
What is required by federal law before a student is deemed to no longer need special education services?
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What strategy can support a student who needs help following multistep instructions?
What strategy can support a student who needs help following multistep instructions?
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What must occur prior to an eligibility meeting for a student with a suspected learning disability?
What must occur prior to an eligibility meeting for a student with a suspected learning disability?
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What factor holds the highest importance when deciding a student's eligibility for special education services?
What factor holds the highest importance when deciding a student's eligibility for special education services?
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What educational practice effectively helps identify students from diverse backgrounds with language-based disabilities?
What educational practice effectively helps identify students from diverse backgrounds with language-based disabilities?
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Study Notes
Cognitive Development Milestones
- Three- and four-year-olds typically understand past and present.
- Three- and four-year-olds typically do not distinguish between left and right.
- Three- and four-year-olds typically do not state the months of the year in correct order.
- Three- and four-year-olds typically do not read accurately from a picture book.
Speech Impairments
- Utterances like "Yoot a de bue tain" (Look at the blue train) can suggest a speech impairment in a six-year-old.
- A six-year-old saying "I goed swimming yesterday," is NOT a speech impairment.
- A six-year-old saying "I saw a wabbit," is NOT a speech impairment.
- A six-year-old saying "My mommy loves fishes" is NOT a speech impairment.
Infant Communication Milestones
- Typically developing five-month-old infants make babbling sounds.
- Five-month-olds do not follow one-step directions.
- Five-month-olds do not point to body parts.
- Five-month-olds do not say one or two words.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Support
- High school students with moderate ASD may need additional support responding to facial expressions.
Two-Year-Old Emotional Response
- A typical two-year-old, who is developing along expected timelines, might cry and ask for a broken toy to be fixed.
- A two-year-old will not refuse to continue playing.
- A two-year-old will not develop fearfulness of who gives the toy.
- A two-year-old will not become withdrawn.
Early Elementary Learning
- Engaging in frequent unstructured play and exploration best supports early elementary students' development, not explicit academic skills or meeting milestones at the same rate.
Literacy Development
- Rich conversations and discussions with family members will primarily benefit a child's vocabulary knowledge.
Language Milestones and Alphabetic Systems
- A student who recently arrived in the US from another country and has a speech sound disorder with a different alphabet system will face challenges with accurately decoding written words when learning English.
Developmental Delays
- A five-year-old who does not understand counting or sorting objects by color may have a developmental delay.
- A 15-year-old resisting changes in daily routine and refusing to complete transitions is NOT a developmental delay.
- A 12-year-old struggling with academic vocabulary is NOT a developmental delay.
- A 10 year-old exhibiting physical symptoms associated with fear and anxiety is NOT a developmental delay.
Hearing Loss and Language Development
- A six-year-old student with mixed hearing loss may have difficulty understanding verb tenses and plural word forms due to struggling with hearing word endings.
Home Routines and Developmental Delays
- Teachers should suggest sample home routines for parents of a child with a developmental delay.
Social-Emotional Disorders and Behaviors
- Crying excessively when separated from a caregiver is more associated with social emotional disorders.
Fluency Disorders & Academic Difficulties
- Students with fluency disorders may struggle with oral discussions due to fast speaking and disfluencies.
Trauma and Learning Support
- Ensuring a student with trauma feels safe is an initial priority, not necessarily completing assignments timely.
Low Vision and Academic Tasks
- Fifth-grade students with low vision may struggle with summarizing longer narrative text.
Transition Planning
- Assessing student needs, strengths, preferences, and interests is crucial during initial transition planning.
Assessment Process and Consent
- Obtaining written consent from parent/guardians is required when requesting information from a psychiatrist related to a student's special education assessment.
Scoring Standardized Tests
- Descriptively presenting evaluation findings, without reporting standardized scores or percentile ranks, is the most appropriate strategy when a teacher has given a normed test for a younger population of students and is trying to determine the student's development age.
Behavior Frequency Charts
- Behavior frequency charts establish baselines for student behavior, not identify interventions or comparing students.
Ensuring Fairness in Assessment
- Administering multiple assessments from various sources is critical to ensure fairness when assessing students suspected of having learning disabilities.
Growth Model in Student Performance
- Using a growth model that considers multiple measures of learning across time enables teachers to use the academic progress of students as a valid measure of learning.
Screening Tools
- Screening tools identify when further assessment and intervention may be needed.
Accommodations for Hearing Loss
- Using a sign language interpreter for students with hearing loss who primarily use ASL is the best way to support students in state assessments.
Communicating Assessment Results
- Summarizing and paraphrasing key information is the best way to communicate assessment results to families.
Behavior Intervention Plans
- Identifying alternative appropriate behaviors that serve the same purpose as the challenging behavior is crucial when creating a behavior intervention plan.
Determining Eligibility Termination
- A full educational assessment is required before a school can determine a student no longer needs special education services; not a trial period.
Modifying Learning Environments
- Creating a digital sequencing board is best for addressing a student's need to follow multistep instructions in a learning environment.
Eligibility Meeting Procedures
- Parents/guardians need copies of reports and materials to be discussed at the eligibility meeting at least three days before.
Interpreter Communication
- Arranging for an appropriate interpreter ahead of time is the best approach to facilitate communication when a family member speaks a different language.
Student Eligibility
- Recommendation of the full assessment team is the most critical factor for determining eligibility for special education services.
Identifying Students for Intervention
- Providing literacy instruction to promote academic vocabulary is an effective way to identify students from diverse backgrounds who need language intervention.
Assessing Student Needs
- Determining if a particular student population is being identified differently than anticipated, is best completed through risk ratios.
Related Services in LRE
- Related services, such as a speech and language pathologist consulting with classroom teachers, happen in the least restrictive environment (LRE).
IEP Progress Reports
- Measuring and documenting student growth toward annual goals is a vital part of writing an IEP progress report.
IEP Team Collaboration
- Projecting a working IEP during meetings and editing it as the team discusses it is an effective collaboration strategy.
Transition Plans
- Inviting agencies involved in the student's future to participate in IEP meetings is essential to develop a comprehensive transition plan.
Placement Appropriateness
- Support the student's needs to access the curriculum and be successful. This is the most important consideration in determining a student's placement.
IEP Goal Development
- Identifying a learning outcome affected by the student's area of need and writing a corresponding goal is the most critical step after reviewing the student's present level of performance.
Classroom Inclusion
- Assigning specific classroom jobs is an excellent technique to foster inclusion for students in need of support in classroom routines.
Academic Modifications
- Providing audio recordings of texts is an appropriate modification for students with specific learning disabilities in decoding.
Accommodations for Writing
- Allowing students to use speech-to-text software is appropriate for students with specific learning disabilities in written expression.
Work Completion Plans
- Developing an individualized work completion plan is effective in assisting students with ADHD to manage executive functioning skills.
Transition Planning: Early Steps
- Defining future goals (postsecondary education, training, employment, independent living) is a key early task in transition planning.
Independent Living Skills
- Creating a daily schedule is a skill that addresses independent living goals and helps integrate learning across content areas in a student with an intellectual disability.
Accommodations for Communication and Instructional Strategies
- Providing the student with internet bookmarks to facilitate a student's participation during a collage activity is best, not assistance with the activity.
Collaboration for Support
- Coordinating communication between the student's English language arts teacher and SLP to ensure learning targets are aligned.
Building Background Knowledge
- Show brief videos to introduce concepts related to upcoming texts. This method effectively integrates background knowledge to enhance comprehension for students with reading comprehension difficulties.
Instructional Modifications for Specific Skills
- Selecting materials at a student's independent reading level is the most important modification technique ensuring they can demonstrate learning in class.
Differentiated Instruction and Services
- Determining the supplementary aids and services is the most important first step in planning for a student with disabilities that needs support.
Creating Learning Communities
- Developing learning community that values students with various backgrounds and experiences is an important task for a special education teacher.
Documenting Reading Progress
- Historical reading assessment data is the most helpful type of data supporting a student's need for accommodation in reading instruction.
Aligning Instruction with State Standards
- Using state standards is effective to determine the appropriate sequence for skill development.
Accessing Classroom Materials
- Attaching small pieces of cardboard to books to support fine motor skills is appropriate support for access to books.
Developing Transition Goals
- Incorporating both formal and informal assessments will form more effective transition goals in a student's IEP.
Behavior Management in General Education
- Implementing a behavior plan to address disruptive behaviors to minimize distractions and improve learning is best to aid students who have ASD in general education settings.
Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS)
- How individual teachers implement the principles of positive behavior supports in their classrooms in a consistent manner, is integral to the success of a schoolwide PBIS program.
Supporting Independence
- Gradually fading prompts, from verbal to gestural, and then eliminating prompts is best to aid a student gain independence in social skills.
Self-Awareness
- Encouraging students to acknowledge their accomplishments and develop learning objectives is a key support for students developing self-awareness.
Teacher Professional Development
- Providing multiple opportunities for students to respond to prompts and questions fosters collaborative learning in all students.
Consistency in Intervention Plans
- Behaviors may escalate before decreasing and thus consistent intervention is needed until the behavior goal is accomplished.
Behavior Monitoring
- Video-recording a student's behavior to review enables them to monitor their own behaviors.
Early Intervention Services
- The Illinois Department of Human Services Developmental Disability Services connects families to early intervention services.
Team Collaboration in Special Education
- Frequent meetings to analyze student progress, discuss differentiation strategies, and address concerns best supports collaboration.
Paraprofessional Supervision
- Providing training in instructional and behavioral strategies for paraprofessionals is critical for their effectiveness in the classroom.
Special Education Teacher's Role in IEP Teams
- Collecting fidelity data on teachers' implementation of IEP services and monitoring student progress is a major role of the special education teacher.
Communicating with General Education Teachers
- Sharing the date, time, and location of IEP meetings with other teachers will ensure smooth communication support for students.
Supporting IEP Social Emotional Goals
- Including the social worker in lunch group support for social skills is an effective collaboration technique.
Collaboration with Related Service Providers
- Presenting the gen ed teacher with literature that targets speech sounds is one way to ensure that related services align with instruction.
Transition Services for Students with Intellectual Disabilities
- Contacting the Center for Independent Living is a good starting point for students who need support in living independently.
Transition Services by Illinois Department of Human Services
- The Illinois Department of Human Services offers employment services and support to students with disabilities.
Sharing IEP Information
- Meeting with parent/guardian about the student's needs and how they can be supported by camp counselors is appropriate in this situation.
Family Input in IEP Meetings
- Asking families, "What else would you like us to know about your child?", is an effective way to elicit input.
Community Integration
- Advocating for accessible and inclusive equipment on the town playground is one way to integrate students with disabilities in the community.
University Accommodations for Students with Disabilities
- Universities are required to offer appropriate accommodations for students with disabilities to avoid discrimination.
Protecting Confidentiality of Student Records
- Sharing contact information of other students may violate confidentiality guidelines; and parents can request copies or educational records or request a progress update
Vocational Assessment
- A functional vocational assessment is most appropriate to inform a student's education goals for community-based work and independent living.
Collaboration and Communication with Families
- The most effective communication methods are implemented that were the same request by parents/guardian/caregivers.
Diverse Classroom Resources
- Providing a variety and amount of books about various cultures in the library.
Professional Development
- Engaging in professional development activities and workshops.
Self-Reflection
- Using self-assessment or reflective journaling can help identify cultural biases in teaching.
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
- Providing speech services in the classroom instead of outside of it is a support for the LRE.
IDEA and FAPE
- IDEA ensures children with disabilities receive a free and appropriate public education to meet their unique needs.
Progress Monitoring
- Progress monitoring data is useful in identifying students' strengths and areas of need
Parent-Teacher Conferences
- Participating in parent-teacher conferences can aid with discussion of students' progress.
Teacher Networks
- Teacher networks are an effective tool for new teachers to seek advice and collaborate.
Staying Current in Research
- Subscribing to journals and participating in workshops promotes up to date skills with research-based practices in education.
Teacher Self-Assessment
- Reflective teacher journaling (or using a curriculum checklist, for example) is one way to identify and address classroom goals.
Adjusting Environments for Assessments
- Adjusting to a less distracting environment to conduct the same assessment can produce a more accurate assessment for a student experiencing difficulty maintaining attention in a classroom setting.
Addressing Cultural Biases
- Reflecting on personal generalizations about students' backgrounds to avoid biases.
Types of Information Related to the Student's IEP Communication Strategies
- Sharing important information regarding a student's IEP in a clear and accessible format with parents.
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