Chicano Movement Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What did the Chicano movement fight for?

Equal rights

Equal education

Equal jobs

All of the above (correct)

What were the roots of the Chicano movement?

Mexican Americans have been fighting against discrimination for almost half a century.

What are grassroots campaigns?

An organization that does face-to-face campaigns for advocacy groups.

What is Chicanismo?

An ideology that was constructed to help exhibit a strong pride in being a Chicano. Signup and view all the answers

What did the 1947 Mendez v. Westminster case rule?

Segregation of students of Latin or Mexican descent to be unconstitutional. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1954 Hernandez v. Texas case?

All Mexican Americans were to be included with equal protection under the 14th Amendment. Signup and view all the answers

What did El Plan Espiritual de Aztlán highlight?

Unity, self-defense, and liberation against Anglo domination. Signup and view all the answers

What did youth movements focus on?

Changes to education and protests against war. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of farmworkers in the Chicano movement?

Labor equality and rights for farmworkers. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Sí, se puede!' mean?

It can be done or yes, one can. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Cesar Chavez?

The first Chicano activist known for powerful movements for Mexican equality. Signup and view all the answers

What did Reies López Tijerina focus on?

The theft of land from Latino and Native people living in poverty. Signup and view all the answers

What was Rodolfo 'Corky' Gonzales known for?

Raising awareness about the Chicano people's difficult situation. Signup and view all the answers

What role did Dolores Huerta play in the Chicano movement?

Union organizer and activist for labor equality. Signup and view all the answers

What is El Teatro Campesino?

A theater founded by Luis Valdez for farmworkers. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of MAYO, founded by José Angel Gutiérrez?

To show the need for social change among the Mexican American community. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Ruben Salazar?

A civil rights activist and the first Mexican American journalist in mainstream media. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chicano Movement Overview

A social and political movement advocating for the rights of Mexican Americans and Latinos during the 1960s and 70s.
Addressed systemic discrimination as part of the broader civil rights movements.

Goals of the Movement

Focused on achieving equal rights in education, employment, and housing.
Fought against discriminatory practices and social inequalities.

Historical Context

Roots stretch back nearly fifty years, with Mexican Americans actively fighting against discrimination prior to the Chicano movement.
Emerged from a long history of self-defense and advocacy for civil rights.

Activism Strategies

Grassroots campaigns utilized direct, face-to-face advocacy to mobilize community support.
Organized boycotts against businesses that upheld segregation and discrimination.

Cultural Connection

Emphasized cultural identity by linking Mexican Americans to Aztlán, the legendary homeland of the Aztecs.
Chicanismo emerged as an expression of pride and cultural identity among Chicanos.

Landmark Legal Cases

1947 Mendez v. Westminster: Unconstitutional ruling against the segregation of Latinx students.
1954 Hernandez v. Texas: Affirmed equal protection under the 14th Amendment for Mexican Americans.

Notable Events and Plans

El Plan Espiritual de Aztlán (1969): A significant gathering to strategize on unity, self-defense, and liberation from Anglo dominance.

Youth Involvement

Young activists concentrated on educational reform and demonstrations against the Vietnam War, advocating for equal learning conditions.

Farmworkers and Labor Rights

Advocated for labor rights, focusing on farmworkers' conditions.
The United Farm Workers of America (UFW) was formed to fight for labor equality.

Key Figures

Cesar Chavez: Prominent activist and co-founder of UFW, worked towards equality for Mexican Americans.
Reies López Tijerina: Advocated for land rights and revealed the struggles of Latino and Native communities in New Mexico.
Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales: Known for raising awareness and founding the "Crusade for Justice" to support Chicano rights.
Dolores Huerta: Key organizer in labor rights and feminist movements, worked alongside Chavez in UFW.
Luis Valdez: Created "El Teatro Campesino," a theater promoting the farmworkers’ struggles and energizing activism.
José Angel Gutiérrez: Co-founded MAYO to promote social change and cultivate leadership among young Chicanos.
Ruben Salazar: First prominent Mexican American journalist highlighting Chicano issues in mainstream media.

Key Motto

"Sí, se puede!": A rallying cry for the UFW and the Chicano movement, symbolizing perseverance and empowerment.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the Chicano Movement, a significant civil rights movement focusing on the rights of Mexican Americans and Latinos during the 1960s and 70s. Explore key terms, objectives, and historical roots of this impactful movement.