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Questions and Answers
What is another name for homogeneous mixtures?
What is another name for homogeneous mixtures?
Solutions
The chemical formula of a compound does NOT indicate the _______________.
The chemical formula of a compound does NOT indicate the _______________.
bonding structure of a molecule
A substance that forms a vapor is generally in what physical state at room temperature?
A substance that forms a vapor is generally in what physical state at room temperature?
solid or liquid
The first figure in a properly written chemical symbol is always...
The first figure in a properly written chemical symbol is always...
What is one difference between a mixture and a compound?
What is one difference between a mixture and a compound?
What is true about compounds?
What is true about compounds?
Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?
Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?
Which of the following CANNOT be classified as a substance?
Which of the following CANNOT be classified as a substance?
What distinguishes a substance from a mixture?
What distinguishes a substance from a mixture?
Separating a solid from a liquid by evaporating the liquid is called __________.
Separating a solid from a liquid by evaporating the liquid is called __________.
Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container?
Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container?
Which of the following items is NOT a compound?
Which of the following items is NOT a compound?
Which of the following is NOT an example of matter?
Which of the following is NOT an example of matter?
Which of the following materials is a substance?
Which of the following materials is a substance?
What is the chemical symbol for iron?
What is the chemical symbol for iron?
What do chemical symbols and formulas represent, respectively?
What do chemical symbols and formulas represent, respectively?
Which substance has a chemical symbol that is derived from a Latin name?
Which substance has a chemical symbol that is derived from a Latin name?
Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
Which state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume?
Which state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume?
An example of a homogeneous mixture is:
An example of a homogeneous mixture is:
Which of the following is used for chemical symbols today?
Which of the following is used for chemical symbols today?
A substance that can be separated into two or more substances only by a chemical change is a:
A substance that can be separated into two or more substances only by a chemical change is a:
In how many physical states does water commonly exist?
In how many physical states does water commonly exist?
Which action changes the identity of the substance?
Which action changes the identity of the substance?
What must occur for a change to be a chemical reaction?
What must occur for a change to be a chemical reaction?
In the chemical reaction in which sucrose is heated and decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water, what is/are the reactant(s)?
In the chemical reaction in which sucrose is heated and decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water, what is/are the reactant(s)?
Which of the following is a chemical property?
Which of the following is a chemical property?
Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4 °C?
Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4 °C?
When paper turns yellow-brown upon exposure to sunlight, what type of change is likely taking place?
When paper turns yellow-brown upon exposure to sunlight, what type of change is likely taking place?
A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood:
A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood:
Which of the following is a physical change?
Which of the following is a physical change?
Which of the following does involve a physical change?
Which of the following does involve a physical change?
Which of the following is a physical property of water?
Which of the following is a physical property of water?
Know some examples of physical properties of matter.
Know some examples of physical properties of matter.
Which of the following does indicate that a chemical change may have taken place?
Which of the following does indicate that a chemical change may have taken place?
Which of the following is true for all chemical reactions?
Which of the following is true for all chemical reactions?
What happens to matter during a chemical reaction?
What happens to matter during a chemical reaction?
Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
Which of the following is a physical change?
Which of the following is a physical change?
Which of the following is NOT a physical change to metal?
Which of the following is NOT a physical change to metal?
Which of the following indicates that a chemical change has happened during cooking?
Which of the following indicates that a chemical change has happened during cooking?
What is the melting point of water in degrees Celsius?
What is the melting point of water in degrees Celsius?
What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?
What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?
Which of the following processes does involve a change in chemical properties?
Which of the following processes does involve a change in chemical properties?
How many grams of liquid water are produced when 60 grams of ice melt?
How many grams of liquid water are produced when 60 grams of ice melt?
Energy in the form of motion is ______ energy.
Energy in the form of motion is ______ energy.
According to the law of conservation of energy, mechanical energy can be _______ to heat energy.
According to the law of conservation of energy, mechanical energy can be _______ to heat energy.
A rock at the edge of a cliff has _________ energy because of its position.
A rock at the edge of a cliff has _________ energy because of its position.
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy ______ be created or destroyed.
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy ______ be created or destroyed.
Energy that is stored is _____ energy.
Energy that is stored is _____ energy.
Energy stored in food you eat is ________ energy.
Energy stored in food you eat is ________ energy.
Energy is measured in ______.
Energy is measured in ______.
The law of conservation of mass states that the mass of all substances before a _____ change equals the mass of all the substances after the change.
The law of conservation of mass states that the mass of all substances before a _____ change equals the mass of all the substances after the change.
The basic building block of all matter is an:
The basic building block of all matter is an:
A pure substance that is made up of more than one type of atom is a:
A pure substance that is made up of more than one type of atom is a:
A pure substance that is made up of only one type of atom is an:
A pure substance that is made up of only one type of atom is an:
A mixture that consists of visibly different substances is a:
A mixture that consists of visibly different substances is a:
A mixture that is uniform throughout is a:
A mixture that is uniform throughout is a:
Law that states that the ratio by mass of the elements in a chemical compound is always the same, regardless of the source of the compound is called:
Law that states that the ratio by mass of the elements in a chemical compound is always the same, regardless of the source of the compound is called:
Anything that has mass or volume is called:
Anything that has mass or volume is called:
The smallest part of a compound is called a:
The smallest part of a compound is called a:
Matter that has a uniform and definite composition is known as a:
Matter that has a uniform and definite composition is known as a:
Change that occurs when one substance is turned into another substance is called a:
Change that occurs when one substance is turned into another substance is called a:
A property that can be observed only when a substance is changed into a new substance is called a:
A property that can be observed only when a substance is changed into a new substance is called a:
Change that does not alter the identity of a substance is known as a:
Change that does not alter the identity of a substance is known as a:
A property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance is called a:
A property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance is called a:
Energy stored in the atoms, molecules, and chemical bonds that make up matter is called:
Energy stored in the atoms, molecules, and chemical bonds that make up matter is called:
The ability to do work or cause change is known as:
The ability to do work or cause change is known as:
Energy associated with motion is called:
Energy associated with motion is called:
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be changed from one form to another.
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be changed from one form to another.
The law of conservation of matter and energy states that the total amount of mass and energy in the universe is conserved.
The law of conservation of matter and energy states that the total amount of mass and energy in the universe is conserved.
Stored energy is known as:
Stored energy is known as:
Any push or pull applied over a distance is known as:
Any push or pull applied over a distance is known as:
A form of matter that has constant composition throughout is known as a:
A form of matter that has constant composition throughout is known as a:
Study Notes
Mixtures and Compounds
- Solutions are also known as homogeneous mixtures, where components are evenly distributed.
- A mixture has variable composition, while a compound consists of two or more elements combined in a fixed proportion.
- Compounds are considered substances, distinguishing them from mixtures which are not classified as such.
- An example of a homogeneous mixture is salt water, whereas soil represents a heterogeneous mixture.
States of Matter
- A vapor typically indicates a substance that is solid or liquid at room temperature.
- Gases conform to the shape and volume of their containers.
- Solids maintain a definite shape and volume.
Chemical Symbols and Formulas
- Chemical symbols begin with a capital letter, followed by lowercase letters for additional elements.
- Chemical symbols represent elements, while chemical formulas represent compounds.
- The chemical symbol for iron is Fe, while potassium is derived from a Latin name.
Chemical and Physical Changes
- Chemical changes involve altering the identity of a substance, indicated by the production of gases or changes in color.
- Physical changes do not change the fundamental identity of substances, such as melting cheese or evaporation.
- Examples of physical properties include color, odor, melting points, and boiling points.
Energy Concepts
- Kinetic energy is energy in motion, while potential energy is stored due to position.
- Chemical potential energy refers to energy stored in bonds within molecules.
- The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
- The total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in chemical reactions, reflecting the law of conservation of mass.
Characteristics of Matter
- Matter is defined as anything with mass and volume.
- Atoms are the basic building blocks, while a molecule is the smallest part of a compound.
- Pure substances have a uniform and definite composition, contrasting with mixtures which do not.
Chemical Properties
- Chemical properties are observed during a reaction when a substance transforms into a different substance, like the ability to react with oxygen.
- Water's ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen at 4°C is a specific chemical property.
Laws in Chemistry
- The law of constant composition indicates that a chemical compound's element ratio by mass remains consistent, regardless of the source.
- The law of conservation of matter and energy emphasizes the constancy of mass and energy within the universe.
Summary of Significant Concepts
- Distinguishing features of mixtures vs. compounds, states of matter, changes in identity, and energy types.
- Recognition of key physical and chemical properties, along with fundamental laws governing matter and energy.
- Understanding the importance of chemical symbols and their representations in chemical formulas.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge with flashcards on the concepts covered in Chemistry Unit 2, focusing on Matter and Change. This quiz includes terms like solutions, bonding structure, and states of matter. Enhance your understanding of these fundamental chemistry concepts through interactive review.
