Chemistry: The Particle Nature of Matter

False (B)

Freezing

<p>sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They slow down and move closer together (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melting = Solid to liquid Freezing = Liquid to solid Vaporization = Liquid to gas Condensation = Gas to liquid Sublimation = Solid to gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It cannot accurately predict the behavior of electrons in atoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiocarbon dating</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tumors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium-47 = Studying calcium uptake in plants and bone metabolism Chromium-51 = Labeling red blood cells to examine circulation Iodine-131 = Imaging and tracking thyroid function Copper-67 = Diagnosing and tracking cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has a uniform composition throughout. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>melting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature and intermolecular forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Element = A pure substance composed of two or more different kinds of atoms. Compound = A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. Heterogenous mixture = A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout. Homogenous mixture = A mixture that does NOT have a uniform composition throughout.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melting ice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inorganic Chemistry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Matter takes up space and has mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viscosity = The ability to dissolve in another substance. Conductivity = The ability to be hammered into a thin sheet. Malleability = The ability to allow heat to flow. Solubility = Resistance to flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Materia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A physical property can be observed without changing the substance's identity, while a chemical property involves a change in the substance's composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joseph John Thomson (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gold Foil (Alpha Particle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John Dalton = Discovered the electron Joseph John Thomson = Proposed the Solid Sphere Model Ernest Rutherford = Discovered the proton Henry Moseley = Established the atomic number concept James Chadwick = Discovered the neutron</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms can be divided into smaller particles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protons, neutrons, electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It incorporated the principles of quantum mechanics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They developed the Quantum Model, which explained the wave-like nature of electrons and provided a more comprehensive understanding of electron behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Planetary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rutherford = Proposed the existence of a dense, positively charged nucleus Bohr = Introduced the concept of quantized energy levels for electrons Schrödinger and Heisenberg = Emphasized the wave-like nature of electrons and used quantum mechanics to describe their behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron diffraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The branch of Science studying Matter and its changes.

Study of carbon compounds and the chemistry of life.

Study of compounds without C-H bonds; focuses on inorganic substances.

The study of matter and the tools to measure its properties.

Applies physics to understand chemical systems, including thermodynamics.

Study of chemical processes in living organisms.

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

An observable characteristic that does not change the substance's identity.

The process of a gas turning directly into a solid.

Ancient Greek philosophers who proposed atoms as indivisible units of matter.

British chemist who established atomic theory and postulated that elements consist of atoms.

Includes: atoms are indestructible, unique for each element, and unchanged in reactions.

Discovered the electron and proposed the Plum Pudding Model of the atom.

Conducted the Gold Foil Experiment and found the nucleus contains positive charge.

Identified each element has a unique atomic number based on protons.

Mass is conserved, compounds have fixed ratios, and elements combine in whole ratios.

A transition where matter absorbs or releases heat energy.

Change from solid to liquid where molecules absorb heat and speed up.

Change from liquid to solid where molecules release heat and slow down.

Phase change from liquid to gas at boiling point, where molecules absorb heat.

Includes boiling (below surface) and evaporation (at surface) of liquids.

Liquid molecules escape into gas at temperatures below boiling point.

Gas turns into liquid by releasing heat as molecules slow down.

Solid changes directly to gas without becoming liquid, absorbing heat energy.

Electrons exhibit both particle and wave behavior, crucial in atomic structure understanding.

Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic mass, differing in neutron count.

Isotope used in radiocarbon dating to determine ages of archaeological samples.

Radioactive isotope used for targeted tumor destruction with gamma rays.

Non-radioactive isotopes that do not undergo decay.

Unstable isotopes that emit radiation.

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom, distinguishing different isotopes.

Elements grouped in threes with similar properties, average atomic weight of the middle one.

The arrangement of particles in an atom, explaining how they interact.

Danish physicist who proposed the Planetary Model of the atom.

Atomic model where electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed paths.

Electrons can only occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus.

Couldn't explain multi-electron atoms and lacked wave nature of electrons.

Model that describes electrons in terms of probabilities and wave functions.

Explains multi-electron atoms using quantum mechanics and wave functions.

A pure substance that can't be decomposed by chemical reactions.

A pure substance made of two or more different types of atoms chemically combined.

A mixture that does not have a uniform composition throughout.

A mixture with a uniform composition throughout; identical characteristics in every sample.

Forces that determine how particles in matter interact, competing with temperature changes.

The temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid.

The temperature at which a liquid changes to gas.

Energy of motion; affects the spacing of particles in different states.