Chemistry Semester 1 Exam Study Guide
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a property that can be identified using the periodic table?

  • Number of protons
  • Atomic number
  • Color of the element (correct)
  • Element's symbol

    • Protons, neutrons, and electrons are all found in the nucleus of an atom.

    False

    What is the main objective of Lesson 2?

    To locate elements on the periodic table and identify their properties.

    The periodic table lists elements in rows called ______ and columns known as ______.

    <p>periods, groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following particles with their properties:

    <p>Protons = Positively charged Neutrons = No charge Electrons = Negatively charged Nucleus = Center of the atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the information about elements provided by the periodic table?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The exam review week is scheduled from January 1st to 5th, 2025.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three subatomic particles that make up an atom?

    <p>Protons, neutrons, electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are valence electrons primarily responsible for?

    <p>Creating chemical bonds between atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metalloids have properties that are either similar to metals or nonmetals.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of metals in chemical bonding?

    <p>Metals typically lose valence electrons to form positive ions, facilitating bond formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nonmetals generally gain or share ______ in chemical reactions.

    <p>electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements to their classifications:

    <p>Copper = Metal Sulfur = Nonmetal Silicon = Metalloid Iron = Metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the properties of metals?

    <p>They are generally shiny, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All metalloids are conductors of electricity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes metalloids from metals and nonmetals?

    <p>Metalloids have intermediate properties between metals and nonmetals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Lesson 1?

    <p>Explaining motion and forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Unbalanced forces will not affect an object's motion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'reference point' in the context of motion.

    <p>A reference point is a starting point used to describe the position or motion of an object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The net force determines if an object will remain at rest or move, provided the forces are ______.

    <p>unbalanced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Reference Point = A location used for comparison Net Force = The total force acting on an object Balanced Forces = Forces that cancel each other out Unbalanced Forces = Forces that cause a change in motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept is NOT included in the objectives of Lesson 1?

    <p>Speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relative motion is the same as absolute motion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are balanced forces?

    <p>Balanced forces are forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction, resulting in no change in motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of mixture that has a uniform composition throughout?

    <p>Solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An exothermic reaction absorbs energy from the surroundings.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence would suggest a chemical change has occurred?

    <p>Formation of new substances with different properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a chemical reaction, the substances present at the beginning are called __________.

    <p>reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes a colloid?

    <p>Particles are mixed uniformly and cannot be separated by filtration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The product in a chemical reaction is what you start with.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When energy is required for a chemical reaction to occur, it is called an __________ reaction.

    <p>endothermic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers specifically to the rate at which an object changes its position?

    <p>Speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Velocity is a scalar quantity that only refers to the speed of an object.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three laws of motion formulated by Newton?

    <ol> <li>An object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by a force. 2) Force equals mass times acceleration. 3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    An object's __________ is the change in velocity over time.

    <p>acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best represents Newton's first law of motion?

    <p>An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe one similarity and one difference between speed and velocity.

    <p>Similarity: Both measure how fast an object is moving. Difference: Speed is scalar (has no direction), while velocity is a vector (has direction).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Acceleration can occur when an object is moving at a constant speed if its direction changes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the law of conservation of mass?

    <p>Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reactants are substances that are produced in a chemical reaction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the three main types of chemical reactions.

    <p>Synthesis, decomposition, and displacement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a chemical equation, the substances that undergo change are called the ______.

    <p>reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of chemical reactions to their descriptions:

    <p>Synthesis = Two or more reactants combine to form one product. Decomposition = One compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Single displacement = One element replaces another in a compound. Double displacement = The exchange of ions between two compounds occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a decomposition reaction?

    <p>A single compound breaks down into multiple products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The total mass of products is always greater than the total mass of reactants in a chemical reaction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the law of conservation of mass, during a chemical reaction, the mass of the ______ before the reaction must equal the mass of the ______ after the reaction.

    <p>reactants, products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Semester 1 Exam Study Guide

    • Exam Review Week: January 12th to 16th, 2025

    Topic 1: Atoms and the Periodic Table

    • Lesson 2: The Periodic Table

      • Objective: Locate elements on the periodic table and identify their properties.
      • Preparation: Review the lesson.
      • Knowledge Requirements:
        • Properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons
        • Using the periodic table to find: atomic number, atomic mass, element symbol, number of protons and electrons
        • Groups and periods in the periodic table

    • Lessons 3 & 4: Types of Bonding and the Periodic Table

      • Objective: Define valence electrons and describe metal, nonmetal, and metalloid properties
      • Preparation: Review the lesson and slides.
      • Knowledge Requirements:
        • Valence electrons and their role in chemical bonding
        • Properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

    Topic 2: Chemical Reactions

    • Lesson 1: Mixtures & Solutions

      • Objective: Define mixtures and solutions and give examples
      • Preparation: Review the lesson and slides.
      • Knowledge Requirements: Vocabulary: mixture, colloid, suspension, solution

    • Lesson 2: Chemical Change

      • Objective: Determine if a change in matter is physical or chemical.
      • Preparation: Review the lesson and slides
      • Knowledge Requirements:
        • Evidence of new substances forming
        • Energy changes (heat, light, or sound) during changes

    • Lesson 3: Modeling Chemical Reactions

      • Objective: Interpret chemical reactions, compare reaction types, and apply mass conservation
      • Preparation: Review the lesson and slides.
      • Knowledge Requirements:
        • Vocabulary: reactant, product, exothermic, endothermic
        • Types of chemical reactions (synthesis, decomposition, replacement)
        • Law of conservation of mass

    Topic 3: Forces and Motion

    • Lesson 1: Describing Motion and Forces

      • Objective: Explain how balanced and unbalanced forces affect motion
      • Preparation: Read and review slides
      • Knowledge Requirements:
        • Reference points, motion, net force
        • Balanced/unbalanced forces
        • Contact vs. non-contact forces (examples)

    • Lesson 2: Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration

      • Objective: Compare and contrast speed, velocity, and acceleration
      • Preparation: Read and review slides
      • Knowledge Requirements:
        • Vocabulary: speed, velocity, acceleration

    • Lesson 3: Newton's Laws of Motion

      • Objective: Define Newton's Laws of Motion and apply them in real-life scenarios
      • Preparation: Read and review slides
      • Knowledge Requirements:
        • Newton's Laws of Motion
        • Balanced vs. unbalanced forces
        • Action-reaction forces (explain)

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    Description

    Prepare for your Chemistry Semester 1 exam with this comprehensive study guide. Focused on atoms, the periodic table, and chemical reactions, this guide highlights key concepts like bonding types, properties of elements, and more. Make the most of your study week to excel in your exam.

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