Chemistry Quiz: Solutions and Reactions

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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between the assertion and reason given in Question 75?

  • Both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
  • Both the assertion and reason are false. (correct)
  • Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
  • The assertion is true, but the reason is false.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the volume of a solution when a solute is dissolved in a solvent?

  • The volume of the solution increases as compared to the volume of the solvent.
  • The volume of the solution remains equal to the volume of the solvent.
  • The volume of the solution becomes less than that of the solvent.
  • The volume of the solution may vary depending on conditions. (correct)

Which of the following is the monomer that makes up natural rubber?

  • Epoxide
  • Isoprene (correct)
  • Tetrafluoroethylene
  • Styrene

Which of the following pairs of liquids could be used as propellants for rockets?

<p>Liquid hydrogen + liquid oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the chemical reactions described in Question 79, what are the identities of Solid X and Gas Y?

<p>Solid X: Zinc nitrate, Gas Y: Ammonia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which defect involves a cation occupying an interstitial site within a crystal lattice?

<p>Frenkel defect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of adding concentrated HNO$_3$ before testing for Group III cations?

<p>To convert Fe$^{2+}$ to Fe$^{3+}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following oxygen species is the O-O bond the strongest?

<p>O$_2^+$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is specifically designed to measure the rotation of plane-polarized light?

<p>Polarimeter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The stability of a lyophobic colloid is primarily attributed to which of the following?

<p>Electrical double layer at the particle surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options is NOT a part of Green Chemistry Principles?

<p>Cleaning-up waste is a preferred method. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From an economical perspective, which type of reaction is the least favored?

<p>Elimination reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the most important and versatile green solvent?

<p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which set of compounds displays an increasing oxidation state of the metal?

<p>Cu2O, CrO2, V2O5, CrO3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In mass spectroscopy, which species is used to bombard the sample?

<p>electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT a chemical method of quantitative analysis?

<p>Magnetic Susceptibility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ion has the maximum number of unpaired electrons?

<p>Fe$^{3+}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the oxidation and coordination number of Cobalt in $Co(NH_3)_4(H_2O)(Br)_2$?

<p>+3 and 6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is polystyrene best classified?

<p>addition polymer or thermoplastic polymer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

11 grams of carbon dioxide are produced via the combustion of methane. How many moles of methane are required?

<p>0.25 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the reaction 2KClO$_3$(s) -> 2KCl(s) + 3O$_2$(g), which set shows the lowest and highest oxidation states, respectively?

<p>Cl in KClO$_3$ and Cl in KCl (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metal ion is essential for muscle contraction?

<p>Ca$^{2+}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What combination of compounds results in the bluish-green color in the copper borax bead test?

<p>Copper sulphate and sodium metaborate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of 10 milligrams to 5 nanograms?

<p>2 x 10$^{3}$ : 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An element X with outermost electrons in 2p$^{2}$ combines with element Y with outermost electrons in 2p$^{1}$. How many atoms of Y will be present per molecule in the resulting compounds?

<p>2 and 3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of intermolecular force is described by Debye forces?

<p>Dipole-induced dipole interactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lists the salts in increasing order of their lattice energies?

<p>BeBr$_2$, Cal$_2$, LiF, KCI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a correct functional group of an organic compound?

<p>Isocyano (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which set of molecules exhibits a trigonal bipyramidal geometry?

<p>XeO$_3$F$_2$ and [XeF$_5$]$^+$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct name for the compound with the formula CH3(CH2)2CHBrCH2CH3?

<p>3-bromohexane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for the gas constant (R) in the ideal gas equation?

<p>Pa m<sup>3</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property is shared by both crystalline solids and liquid crystals?

<p>Long-range order in molecular arrangement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of liquids are completely miscible with each other?

<p>Benzene and toluene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the compound X that reacts with zinc amalgam and HCl to form Y, which then reacts with bromine at 127°C to give mainly 2-bromopropane?

<p>Acetone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is known to violate the VSEPR theory due to its unexpected molecular geometry?

<p>IF<sub>5</sub> (Iodine pentafluoride) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is anisole more reactive than toluene?

<p>The -OCH<sub>3</sub> group is an electron donating group. (B), The -OCH<sub>3</sub> group exhibits mesomeric effect. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the first law of thermodynamics is correct?

<p>In a cyclic process, $q = -w$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molar mass of a substance if 5g is dissolved in 150g of benzene resulting in a molality of approximately 0.55 mol kg-1?

<p>60 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of colloid is formed by the dispersion of a gas in a liquid?

<p>Fog (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Frenkel defect

A type of defect in a crystal where a cation is displaced to an interstitial site.

Polarimeter

An instrument used to measure the angle of rotation of plane polarized light.

Lyophobic colloid stability

The stability of a lyophobic colloid is due to the electrical double layer at the particle surface.

Green Chemistry

A set of principles aimed at reducing waste and improving sustainability in chemical processes.

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Sustainable Development Goals

A set of 17 goals established by the UN to achieve a better and more sustainable future.

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Stainless steel rust resistance

Stainless steel resists rusting because iron combines with chromium to form a protective oxide layer.

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Supercritical CO₂

A green solvent used in various chemical processes due to its effectiveness and lower environmental impact.

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Health of Colloids

The stability of colloids depends on the balance of attractive and repulsive forces among the particles.

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VSEPR Theory Violation

A molecule that exhibits a geometry different from predictions based on electron domains is SF4.

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Anisole Reactivity

Anisole is more reactive than toluene due to the -OCH3 group acting as an electron donating group.

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First Law of Thermodynamics

In a cyclic process, the heat (q) is equal to the work (w) done by the system.

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Molality Calculation

To find molar mass using molality, apply the formula with 5g solute in 150g benzene, with molality around 0.55 mol kg-1.

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Gas in Liquid Colloid

A colloid formed by gas dispersed in a liquid is referred to as fog.

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Metal ion in muscle contraction

Calcium ion (Ca2+) is essential for muscle contraction.

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Borax bead test product

The bluish-green product is due to Copper sulphate and borax reaction.

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Ratio of 10 mg to 5 ng

The ratio is 2:1 x 103 when converted to the same unit.

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Element X with 2p2

Element Y forms two compounds with 1 and 2 atoms respectively in each compound.

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Debye forces

Debye forces are interactions between temporary and induced dipoles.

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Order of lattice energies

KCl, LiF, CaI2, BeBr2 have increasing lattice energies.

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Incorrect functional group

Isocyano is not a standard functional group in organic chemistry.

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Trigonal bipyramidal geometry

Molecules like XeO3F2 have this geometry.

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Gas constant unit

The SI unit for the gas constant in ideal gas equation is L·bar·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹.

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Properties of liquids and solids

Both crystalline solids and liquid crystals exhibit anisotropy.

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Completely miscible liquids

Mixtures that fully dissolve in each other, like ethanol and water.

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Compound X and Y transformation

Compound X, acetone, transforms into compound Y, propane, through reduction.

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Reaction with ethene and HCl

Ethene with formaldehyde gives propane 1,2-diol as compound X.

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Oxidation State of Metals

The oxidation state indicates the degree of oxidation of an element within a compound.

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Mass Spectroscopy Bombardment

Mass spectroscopy uses electrons to bombard samples for analysis.

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Chemical Methods of Quantitative Analysis

Common methods include volumetric, gravimetric, and titrimetric analysis.

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Unpaired Electrons

The ion with the maximum unpaired electrons indicates higher magnetic properties.

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Cobalt Oxidation and Coordination Numbers

The oxidation and coordination number of Cobalt in complexes helps identify its state.

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Polystyrene Classification

Polystyrene is classified as an addition polymer and thermoplastic.

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Methane Combustion

The combustion of methane produces carbon dioxide in a stoichiometric ratio.

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Oxidation States in Reactions

Identifying the lowest and highest oxidation states in a reaction helps understand electron transfer.

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Heat of Adsorption

The heat released when a substance adheres to a surface.

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Natural Rubber Monomer

The repeating unit in natural rubber, known as isoprene.

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Volume of Solution

The volume changes when a solute dissolves in a solvent, often increasing.

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Propellant for Rockets

Liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen together are used as a rocket propellant.

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Bilateral Meeting Outcome

The 2024 US and China meeting aimed to stop fentanyl trafficking.

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