Chemistry Properties and Concepts Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the property of ductility refer to?

How easily something bends

How easy it is to make a wire from a substance (correct)

How shiny an object is

How a substance reacts with water

Which of the following is NOT a chemical property?

Color (correct)

Reactivity with air

Reactivity with acid

Flammability

What characteristic describes how matter is structured and composed?

Particle Theory of Matter (correct)

Atomic mass

Molecular density

Chemical reactivity

How can a chemical reaction be identified?

By observing a temperature change (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between an element and a compound?

An element cannot be broken down into simpler substances (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does malleability refer to?

How easily a material can be shaped or bent (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements is true about the Particle Theory of Matter?

Particles are always attracted to each other (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ability appropriately defines toxicity?

The potential to cause harmful effects (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of WHMIS?

To protect workers' health and safety (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a quantitative property?

Viscosity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary charge of a proton in an atom?

Positive (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which WHMIS symbol represents a health hazard?

Exclamation mark (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist proposed the 'plum pudding model' of the atom?

J.J. Thomson (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does solubility measure?

How well something mixes with another substance (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons?

Covalent bond (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical melting and boiling point characteristic of molecular compounds?

Low melting and boiling points (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the boiling point property?

The temperature at which a substance turns to gas (C) Signup and view all the answers

In an atom, how are neutrons calculated?

Atomic mass - atomic number (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these properties is not quantitative?

Texture (A) Signup and view all the answers

What defines an ecosystem?

A system where living organisms interact with their non-living environment (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'cohesion' refer to in quantitative properties?

The strength of attraction between internal particles of the same substance (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ionic compounds?

Low solubility in water (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which WHMIS symbol indicates a corrosive material?

Corrosion symbol (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes biotic factors in an ecosystem?

Living components such as plants and animals (B) Signup and view all the answers

What defines a pure substance?

It is made up of only one type of particle. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about a homogeneous mixture?

It looks the same throughout and is uniform in composition. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How can you separate the components of a mixture?

Through filtration or distillation. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a compound?

It has a fixed composition and specific chemical properties. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

Salad (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of producers in an ecosystem?

They make their own food through photosynthesis. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes a molecule?

A group of two or more atoms chemically bonded. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a tertiary consumer?

A predator at the top of the food chain. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about atoms is true?

They consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of symbiosis benefits both species involved?

Mutualism (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the composition of a mixture differ from that of a compound?

Mixtures have a variable composition. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a herbivore?

An animal that eats plants only. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In an ecosystem, what is a niche?

The role or function of a species. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between primary consumers and secondary consumers?

Primary consumers eat plants; secondary consume primary consumers. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the lithosphere include?

The solid part of Earth's surface. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding predation?

It involves one organism hunting and consuming another. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of burning fossil fuels on the atmosphere?

Increases CO2 levels (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does deforestation impact CO2 levels in the atmosphere?

Reduces CO2 absorbed by plants (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of grounding in electrical context?

Connecting an object to the Earth to neutralize charge (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during electrical discharge?

Sudden flow of electric charge between objects due to a difference in charge (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of electricity, what does Ohm's law state?

Voltage equals resistance multiplied by current (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does friction charging work?

It transfers electrons by rubbing materials together (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a conductor?

Material that allows current to flow through (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does an ammeter measure in a circuit?

The electric current flowing through the circuit (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Grade 9 Science Exam Review 2025

This review covers the topics of chemistry and ecology, focusing on exam material for 2025.

Chemistry

WHMIS Symbols: Used to identify and communicate hazards of various materials in a workplace setting.
- Different symbols represent different types of hazards (e.g., flammable, explosive, corrosive).
- WHMIS is a legal requirement for safety.
Quantitative Properties: Describes properties of matter measurable and expressed as numerical values.
- Viscosity: How fast an object can flow.
- Adhesion: Strength of attraction between different particles.
- Cohesion: Strength of attraction between similar particles.
- Boiling point: Temperature to become a vapor.
- Melting point: Temperature to change state to a liquid.
- Solubility: Ability of a substance to dissolve into another.
- Hardness: Resistance to being scratched or dented.
- Conductivity: Ability to allow electric current to pass through.
- Density: Mass per unit volume of a substance.
Qualitative Properties: Describes the qualities or characteristics of matter, but these are not measured as numerical values.
- Color, smell, taste, state (solid, liquid, gas), texture, clarity, luster, flexibility, ductility, malleability are specific examples.
Chemical Properties: Characteristics that describe how a substance reacts with other substances.
- Reactivity with air: How a substance interacts with air.
- Reactivity with water: How a substance interacts with water.
- Stability: How long a substance lasts.
- Reactivity with other substances: How a substance reacts with other substances.
- Reactivity with acid: How a substance reacts with acid.
- Toxicity: Harmfulness of a substance.
- Common changes that may occur in a reaction: Changes in color, changes in temperature (absorb/release heat), and formation of gas(bubbles or fumes).
What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It makes up all physical substances in the universe. Matter is composed of atoms and molecules (basic building blocks).
The Particle Theory of Matter: All matter consists of tiny atoms, atoms have space between them, colder temperatures make atoms move slower, and atoms are always attracted to each other
Elements and Compounds:
- Element: A pure substance made of one type of atom. Cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
  - Examples: oxygen (O), hydrogen (H), gold (Au)
- Compound: A substance formed by combining multiple types of atoms in fixed ratios. Can be broken down into simpler substances.
  - Examples: Water (H₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), sodium chloride (NaCl)
Pure Substances and Mixtures:
- Pure substance: Made of only one single type of particle (element or compound). Has consistent properties throughout.
  - Cannot be separated into other substances by physical means.
- Mixture: Contains two or more different substances not chemically bonded together. Properties vary and can be separated by physical means.
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Mixtures:
- Homogeneous mixture: Components evenly distributed throughout, and looks the same throughout, and uniform in composition.
  - Examples: Saltwater, air.
- Heterogeneous mixture: Components not evenly distributed and visible as different parts/phases or layers.
- Examples: Salad, sand and water.
Atom and Molecule:
- Atom: Smallest unit of an element that consists of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- Molecule: Group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together. Can be the same or different elements.
Matter Classification: Matter can be classified into pure substances (compounds and elements) and mixtures (homogeneous and heterogeneous).
Atoms and the Periodic Table: Elements are organized on the periodic table based on their atomic structure and properties. Each element has a unique atomic number, representing the number of protons.
Anatomy of an Atom: Atoms have a nucleus containing protons and neutrons; electrons orbit the nucleus in shells.
- Each component has a relative mass and an electric charge.
History of the Atom: Different scientists' models and discoveries, including Dalton's solid sphere model Dalton (1808), Thomson's plum pudding model (1897), Rutherford's nuclear model (1911), and Bohr's model (1913).
Development of the Atom: Description of how the understanding of atomic structure has evolved.
The Periodic Table: A tabular arrangement of all known chemical elements, organized by atomic number and properties.
Ionic Compounds: Formed by combining metals and non-metals. Possess high melting and boiling points, solubility in water, and conductivity.
Molecular Compounds: Formed by combinations of nonmetals. Have low melting and boiling points, poor conductivity, and less water solubility.
Covalent Bonds: Bonds formed when atoms share electrons.
How to Calculate: Find protons (equal to the atomic number), then subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass to calculate the neutrons. Electrons are equal to the atomic number.
How to Draw Atoms: Basic steps for diagrams of atoms including the correct placement of particles.
Ecology: The study of living organisms and their interactions with their environment.
- Ecosystem Components: Includes biotic factors (living) and abiotic factors (non-living).
  - Biotic: Plants, animals, fungi, bacteria
  - Abiotic: Water, sunlight, air, temperature, soil.
- Levels of Organization: Species, population, community, ecosystem, biome
- Habitats and Niches: Habitat is the organism's location, niche describes its role and function in an ecosystem.
- Earth's Spheres: Lithosphere (solid earth), atmosphere (gases), hydrosphere (water), and biosphere (life).
- Producers and Consumers: Producers make their own food, consumers eat other organisms. This encompasses different consumer levels along the food chain.
  - Examples: producers (plants, algae); primary consumers (herbivores- grasshoppers, rabbits); secondary consumers (frogs, snakes); tertiary consumers (predators at the top of the food chain- eagles, sharks)
- Types of Consumers: herbivores (eat plants), carnivores (eat animals), omnivores (eat both plants and animals), scavengers (eat dead animals), decomposers (break down organic matter and waste).
- Interactions: Competition, predation, symbiosis (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism).
- Ways to Measure Biodiversity: Methods to quantify the variety of life in an area.
- Ecosystem Types: Aquatic and terrestrial.
- Carbon Cycle: The movement of carbon between the atmosphere, living organisms, and the earth.
- Nitrogen Cycle: The movement of nitrogen between the atmosphere, living organisms, and the earth.
Electricity: The flow of electric charges.
- Methods of Charging a Neutral Object: Charging by friction and charging by contact.
- Laws of Electric Charges: Like charges repel, unlike charges attract.
- Electrostatic Series: Organized list of materials based on their tendency to gain or lose electrons, allowing prediction of charge after friction.
- Grounding: Connecting an object to the earth to neutralize excess charge.
- Electrical Discharge: Sudden flow of electric charges between objects due to a difference in charge (e.g., lightning).
- Ohmic Resistors: Resistors that follow Ohm's Law (V=IR).
- Analogy (visual): Visual representations of the concept of electric current analogy to flow of water.
- Conductors and Insulators: Conductors allow electric current to flow easily, insulators do not.
- Circuits(symbols): Illustrations of electric components and circuit elements in a diagram (wire, resistor, lightbulb, cell, battery, switch, ammeter, voltmeter)
- Extra part for circuits (Ammeter & Voltmeter): Ammeter measures current in series, Voltmeter measures voltage in parallel.
- Static electricity basics: The build-up of electric charge on the surface of an object.
- Comparison of Series and Parallel Circuits: Describes characteristics, comparisons of series and parallel layouts of circuits.
- Ohm's Law: A relationship that describes how electrical current relates to voltage and resistance (V=IR).
- Current, Voltage, and Resistance: Explaining what these terms individually and how they correlate.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the essential properties and concepts in chemistry with this engaging quiz. Questions cover topics like ductility, chemical properties, the Particle Theory of Matter, and more. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of chemistry fundamentals.