Chemistry: Oxidation and Reduction Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What occurs during the oxidation of magnesium?

  • It loses neutrons.
  • It gains protons.
  • It gains electrons.
  • It loses electrons. (correct)
  • A reducing agent is always oxidized during a chemical reaction.

    True

    What is the term used for a substance that brings about oxidation in other substances?

    oxidising agent

    During redox reactions, oxidation is associated with the ______ of electrons.

    <p>loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements with their roles in a redox reaction:

    <p>Zn = Reducing agent Cu^2+ = Oxidising agent Cl<del>2</del> = Oxidising agent Mg = Reducing agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym OILRIG stand for?

    <p>Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a redox reaction, oxidation and reduction can occur independently of each other.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each sodium atom loses one electron and each chlorine atom gains one electron in the formation of ______.

    <p>sodium chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of sulfur in Na2S2O3?

    <p>+2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The oxidation number of nitrogen in the NO3^- ion is -5.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What rule does oxygen generally follow regarding its oxidation number?

    <p>-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In oxidized species, the oxidation number (______/decreases).

    <p>increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general oxidation state of hydrogen in its compounds?

    <p>+1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sum of oxidation numbers in a compound must equal the total charge of that compound if it is a complex ion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What oxidation number is assigned to halogens in compounds with more electronegative atoms?

    <p>Positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance acts as the reducing agent in the given reaction?

    <p>Copper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each element to its typical oxidation number:

    <p>Oxygen = -2 Hydrogen = +1 Sodium = +1 Nitrogen in NO3^- = +5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chlorine displaces bromine from a bromide salt solution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color does the potassium iodide solution turn when chlorine water is added?

    <p>reddish-brown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the reaction between sodium sulfite and chlorine water, _____ ion is present when barium chloride is added.

    <p>sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements with their role:

    <p>Chlorine = Oxidizing agent Copper = Reducing agent Bromine = Displaces iodine Sodium sulfite = Remains unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation state of sulfur in sulfuric acid?

    <p>+6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The reaction produces I2 when potassium iodide is mixed with bromine water.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color does the potassium bromide solution turn when chlorine is added?

    <p>yellow/orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the oxidation of iron(II) ions in the presence of chlorine?

    <p>Fe^3+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A greenish-brown precipitate indicates the presence of Fe^2+ ions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color does the copper sulfate solution become when magnesium is added?

    <p>Colorless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When Zn displaces Cu^2+, the resulting metal coating on zinc is ______.

    <p>copper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following reactions to their outcomes:

    <p>Oxidation of Fe^2+ = Formation of Fe^3+ Reduction of Cl2 = Formation of Cl^- Displacement of Cu by Zn = Coating of Zn with Cu Displacement of Cu by Mg = Color change from blue to colorless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What half-reaction represents the oxidation of iron(II) ions?

    <p>Fe^2+ → Fe^3+ + e^-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number change of aluminum in the reaction 8Al + 3Fe3O4 → 4Al2O3 + 9Fe?

    <p>0 to +3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the reaction Cd + H^+ + NO3^-- → Cd^2+ + NO + H2O, Cd acts as the oxidizing agent.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zinc has a lower tendency to lose electrons than copper.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reducing agent in the reaction 8Al + 3Fe3O4 → 4Al2O3 + 9Fe?

    <p>Al</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The balanced half-equation for the reduction of permanganate ions shows that MnO4^- requires ______ electrons to become Mn^2+.

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the equation Mn O4^- + 5Fe^2+ + 8H^+ → Mn^2+ + 5Fe^3+ + ______, the product formed is water.

    <p>H<del>2</del>O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following species with their roles in the given reactions:

    <p>Mn O<del>4</del>^- = Oxidizing agent NO<del>3</del>^- = Oxidizing agent Fe^2+ = Reducing agent Al = Reducing agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Oxidation and Reduction

    • Oxidation: Loss of electrons
    • Reduction: Gain of electrons
    • OILRIG: Oxidation is Loss, Reduction is Gain
    • Redox reactions: Oxidation and reduction always occur together
    • Oxidising agent: Substance that brings about oxidation in other substances.
    • Reducing agent: Substance that brings about reduction in other substances.

    Oxidation Numbers

    • Oxidation number: Charge that an atom has or appears to have when electrons are distributed according to rules.
    • Oxidation numbers are used for tracking electrons in chemical reactions, especially in covalent compounds.
    • Rules for assigning oxidation numbers:
      • Uncombined element = 0
      • Ion of an element = charge of the ion
      • Oxygen = -2 (except in peroxides and OF2)
      • Hydrogen = +1 (except in metal hydrides)
      • Halogens = -1 (except when bonded to a more electronegative atom)
      • Sum of oxidation numbers in a neutral compound = 0
      • Sum of oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion = charge of the ion

    Oxidation and Reduction in Terms of Oxidation Numbers

    • Oxidation: Increase in oxidation number
    • Reduction: Decrease in oxidation number
    • Oxidising agent: The substance that is reduced.
    • Reducing agent: The substance that is oxidized.

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    Related Documents

    Oxidation and Reduction PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of oxidation and reduction in chemistry. This quiz focuses on the definitions, rules for oxidation numbers, and the relationship between oxidizing and reducing agents. Test your knowledge and understanding of these critical chemical principles.

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