Questions and Answers
What is the formula for hydrogen hydroxide?
What type of bond exists between the atoms in a water molecule?
Covalent bond
What is the charge of the water molecule?
Neutral charge
The bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule are called polar covalent bonds.
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What typically causes polar covalent bonds to form?
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What is characteristic of non-polar covalent bonds?
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What happens to water molecules when they freeze?
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Why is water considered a good solvent?
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Study Notes
Hydrogen Hydroxide Overview
- Hydron hydroxide is chemically known as H2O, consisting of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
Structure of a Water Molecule
- A water molecule contains a covalent bond formed between two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, leading to unequal sharing of valence electrons.
- Electrons are more attracted to the oxygen atom, causing them to remain closer to it.
Electric Charge of Water Molecule
- A water molecule exhibits slight negativity from the shared electrons and slight positivity from hydrogen atoms.
- Despite this, the overall charge of a water molecule remains neutral.
Bonds in Water Molecule
- Polar covalent bonds exist between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms, characterized by an unequal distribution of electrons.
Polar Covalent Bonds
- These bonds typically occur between atoms that are significantly different in their electronegativity, located far apart on the periodic table.
Non-Polar Covalent Bonds
- Non-polar covalent bonds occur when atoms in the bond have equal electronegativity, resulting in a uniform charge.
Behavior of Frozen Water
- When water freezes, its molecules form a rigid structure, maintaining space between them, which is crucial for ice's lower density compared to liquid water.
Water as a Solvent
- Water's ability to dissolve substances, such as salt, is due to its polar nature; hydrogen's negative charges attract sodium's positive charges, while oxygen's positive charge attracts chlorine's negative charges.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental aspects of water, including its chemical structure, bonding characteristics, and electric charge. Learn about hydrogen hydroxide, polar and non-polar covalent bonds, and the unique properties that arise from these features of water molecules.
