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Questions and Answers
What role do enzymes play in chemical reactions?
What role do enzymes play in chemical reactions?
Which of the following correctly describes a potential consequence of using chemistry incorrectly?
Which of the following correctly describes a potential consequence of using chemistry incorrectly?
In what way can the study of chemistry benefit individuals in their daily lives?
In what way can the study of chemistry benefit individuals in their daily lives?
What is an important responsibility that Christians should uphold regarding chemistry?
What is an important responsibility that Christians should uphold regarding chemistry?
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How do chemical processes contribute to sustaining life?
How do chemical processes contribute to sustaining life?
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What describes the movement of particles that leads to diffusion?
What describes the movement of particles that leads to diffusion?
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In the dissolving process, what role do water molecules play?
In the dissolving process, what role do water molecules play?
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Which of the following best defines a chemical change?
Which of the following best defines a chemical change?
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What is the outcome in an exothermic reaction?
What is the outcome in an exothermic reaction?
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How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion in a liquid?
How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion in a liquid?
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What is the primary purpose of catalysts in a chemical reaction?
What is the primary purpose of catalysts in a chemical reaction?
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Which of the following substances is classified as a base?
Which of the following substances is classified as a base?
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During the process of diffusion, what is typically observed?
During the process of diffusion, what is typically observed?
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Study Notes
Chemistry of Living Things
- Living things rely on chemical processes to function.
- Chemical processes are essential for sustaining life.
- Studying chemistry can provide insights into how living organisms function and how to improve human life.
Chemical Processes of Life: Objectives
- Understand the difference between chemical and physical changes.
- Relate Brownian motion with diffusion and dissolution.
- Compare exothermic and endothermic reactions.
- Contrast catalysts and inhibitors.
- Understand how chemistry benefits humans.
Essential Question
- How do chemical processes sustain life?
- Chemical reactions provide living organisms with the essential nutrients, minerals, and energy required for survival.
Diffusion Examples and Questions
- Dye spreading in water is an example of diffusion.
- Factors like temperature affect the rate of diffusion.
- Diffusion is a physical change.
- Examples of diffusion in everyday life relate to spreading of odors and perfumes, movement of salts from concentrated solutions to dilute ones, and more.
- Key questions to consider regarding diffusion:
- Is dye spreading a chemical or physical change?
- What causes the dye to disperse throughout the water?
- How and why does the dye diffuse quicker in hot water?
- What other external factors affect diffusion?
Solutions
- A solution is a homogenous mixture of solute and solvent.
- Solutes dissolve in solvents.
- Water acts as the primary solvent in many biological processes.
- The weight of salt water differs from fresh water due to the solute (salt).
- Understanding solutions are important in living systems, in digestion, and more
- Factors affecting diffusion: Presence, concentration, and composition of solutes and temperature.
- The solute dissolves into the solvent through molecular interactions.
Acids and Bases
- Acids dissociate in water to form hydrogen ions.
- Bases dissociate in water to form hydroxide ions or other ions accepting hydrogen ions.
Diffusion
- Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
- Brownian motion is the random movement of particles in a solution and one of the factors contributing to diffusion.
Chemical Equations: Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
- Chemical equation example: Glucose + oxygen → water + carbon dioxide + energy (exothermic).
- An exothermic reaction releases energy, a common form of energy is heat.
- Chemical equation example: Water + carbon dioxide + energy → glucose + oxygen (endothermic).
- Endothermic reactions require an input of energy
- Energy diagrams illustrate the energy changes during reactions, showing difference in energy of reactants and products.
Catalysts and Inhibitors
- Catalysts speed up chemical reactions without being consumed themselves.
- Inhibitors slow down or stop chemical reactions.
- Enzymes are biological catalysts, facilitating specific chemical reactions in living organisms.
- Substrates and active sites are involved in the enzymatic reaction process.
Chemistry in Our World
- Chemistry is vital for daily life, and understanding its principles is a crucial step.
- Chemistry can be used to produce pharmaceuticals that support our well being
- Chemistry could be used to create medicines that help people (positive)
- Chemistry could be used for destructive purposes (negative)
- A responsible and thoughtful use of chemistry is essential.
Exit Ticket
- Key questions about the relevance of chemistry to daily life and its impact on society.
- How chemistry relates to values of living and morality.
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Description
Explore the essential chemical processes that sustain life in living organisms. This quiz covers the differences between chemical and physical changes, diffusion, and the roles of exothermic and endothermic reactions. Understand how chemical reactions are crucial for survival and human benefits.
