Chemistry of Hydrocarbons

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Questions and Answers

What is the origin of alkanes?

Formed through the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen

Synthesized from nitrogen and carbon dioxide

Sourced from the decomposition of carbohydrates

Formed from the remains of plants and animals which died millions of years ago (correct)

What is the general name for the family of hydrocarbons discussed in the text?

Alkanes (correct)

Alkenes

Aldehydes

Alkynes

What is the molecular formula for Ethane?

C₄H₁₀

C₂H₆ (correct)

C₂H₄

C₃H₈

How many carbon atoms are present in the molecular formula of Butane?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the age of the OCEAN that alkanes originated from?

300-400 million years ago Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of carbons in the molecular formula for Decane?

10 Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula for Hexane?

C₆H₁₄ Signup and view all the answers

What is used to represent the structure of the first six alkanes?

Molecular formulae and displayed formulae Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of hydrogens in the molecular formula for Ethane?

6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the displayed formula for the first alkane?

H -C-C-H Signup and view all the answers

What is a homologous series?

A group of compounds with the same general formula Signup and view all the answers

What is incomplete combustion?

The reaction between a fuel and insufficient oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is a molecular formula?

A formula that shows the relative quantity of different types of atoms in a molecule Signup and view all the answers

What is viscosity?

The measure of how easily a fluid flows Signup and view all the answers

What is a hydrocarbon?

A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon Signup and view all the answers

What is an isomer?

A molecule with the same molecular formula but a different structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for the alkane family?

CH₃(CH₂)ₙCH₃ Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula for methane?

CH₄ Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for the alkyne family?

C₂H₂ₙ₂ Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula for heptane?

C₇H₁₆ Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula for octane?

C₈H₁₈ Signup and view all the answers

What does the empirical formula show?

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the molecular formula and the empirical formula?

The molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula Signup and view all the answers

What type of hydrocarbons are CH₄, C₂H₆, and C₃H₈?

Alkanes Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of hydrogens in the molecular formula for a general alkane?

2n + 2 Signup and view all the answers

How can the molecular formula be converted into an empirical formula?

By dividing by the greatest common divisor Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Alkanes and Hydrocarbons

Alkanes are a family of hydrocarbons with similar properties
They are formed from the remains of plants and animals which died millions of years ago
They are a large group of compounds with a general formula of CnH2n+2
They can be represented using molecular formulae and displayed formulae

Molecular and Empirical Formulae

Molecular formula shows the exact number of each type of atom in a molecule
Empirical formula shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound
The molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula

Properties of Alkanes

They have strong intermolecular forces between molecules
They have a trend in physical properties
They can undergo incomplete combustion, producing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, or carbon
Viscosity of alkanes increases with an increase in the number of carbon atoms

Displayed Formulae of Alkanes

Methane: H-C-H
Ethane: H-C-C-H
The displayed formula for the first six alkanes can be used to build more complex alkanes

Homologous Series

A group of compounds with the same general formula, similar chemical properties, and a trend in physical properties
Alkanes are a homologous series, with each member differing by a -CH2- group

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Description

Test your knowledge of hydrocarbons, including their molecular formula, homologous series, and chemical properties. Learn about the different types of hydrocarbons and their characteristics.