Chemistry of Hydrocarbons
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Questions and Answers

What is the origin of alkanes?

  • Formed through the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen
  • Synthesized from nitrogen and carbon dioxide
  • Sourced from the decomposition of carbohydrates
  • Formed from the remains of plants and animals which died millions of years ago (correct)

    • What is the general name for the family of hydrocarbons discussed in the text?

  • Alkanes (correct)
  • Alkenes
  • Aldehydes
  • Alkynes

    • What is the molecular formula for Ethane?

  • C₄H₁₀
  • C₂H₆ (correct)
  • C₂H₄
  • C₃H₈

    • How many carbon atoms are present in the molecular formula of Butane?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age of the OCEAN that alkanes originated from?

    <p>300-400 million years ago</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of carbons in the molecular formula for Decane?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula for Hexane?

    <p>C₆H₁₄</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to represent the structure of the first six alkanes?

    <p>Molecular formulae and displayed formulae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of hydrogens in the molecular formula for Ethane?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the displayed formula for the first alkane?

    <p>H -C-C-H</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a homologous series?

    <p>A group of compounds with the same general formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is incomplete combustion?

    <p>The reaction between a fuel and insufficient oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a molecular formula?

    <p>A formula that shows the relative quantity of different types of atoms in a molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is viscosity?

    <p>The measure of how easily a fluid flows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hydrocarbon?

    <p>A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an isomer?

    <p>A molecule with the same molecular formula but a different structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for the alkane family?

    <p>CH₃(CH₂)ₙCH₃</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula for methane?

    <p>CH₄</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for the alkyne family?

    <p>C₂H₂ₙ₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula for heptane?

    <p>C₇H₁₆</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula for octane?

    <p>C₈H₁₈</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the empirical formula show?

    <p>The simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the molecular formula and the empirical formula?

    <p>The molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hydrocarbons are CH₄, C₂H₆, and C₃H₈?

    <p>Alkanes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of hydrogens in the molecular formula for a general alkane?

    <p>2n + 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the molecular formula be converted into an empirical formula?

    <p>By dividing by the greatest common divisor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Alkanes and Hydrocarbons

    • Alkanes are a family of hydrocarbons with similar properties
    • They are formed from the remains of plants and animals which died millions of years ago
    • They are a large group of compounds with a general formula of CnH2n+2
    • They can be represented using molecular formulae and displayed formulae

    Molecular and Empirical Formulae

    • Molecular formula shows the exact number of each type of atom in a molecule
    • Empirical formula shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound
    • The molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula

    Properties of Alkanes

    • They have strong intermolecular forces between molecules
    • They have a trend in physical properties
    • They can undergo incomplete combustion, producing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, or carbon
    • Viscosity of alkanes increases with an increase in the number of carbon atoms

    Displayed Formulae of Alkanes

    • Methane: H-C-H
    • Ethane: H-C-C-H
    • The displayed formula for the first six alkanes can be used to build more complex alkanes

    Homologous Series

    • A group of compounds with the same general formula, similar chemical properties, and a trend in physical properties
    • Alkanes are a homologous series, with each member differing by a -CH2- group

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    Test your knowledge of hydrocarbons, including their molecular formula, homologous series, and chemical properties. Learn about the different types of hydrocarbons and their characteristics.

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