Chemistry Midterm Review Chapters 7, 12-14

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Chapter 14 in the upcoming midterm?

Liquids and Solids

Chemical Kinetics (correct)

Solutions

Gases

What items are explicitly allowed during the midterm exam?

Graphing Calculator, Notes, ID

Smartphone, Formula Sheet, Periodic Table

Laptop, Formula Sheet, Test Bank

Non-programmable Calculator, Pencil, Eraser, ID (correct)

How many questions will be on the exam from Chapter 7?

8 questions

10 questions

6 questions (correct)

4 questions

When is Midterm 2 scheduled to take place?

November 8, 2024 Signup and view all the answers

How many questions will be dedicated to Chapter 12 on the exam?

6 questions Signup and view all the answers

What should students do when they are certain of an answer on the Akindi sheet?

Bubble in their answers when they are convinced Signup and view all the answers

Which material is provided for students during the exam?

Formula Sheet and Periodic Table Signup and view all the answers

Where can students find their assigned exam room?

Refer to their student information document Signup and view all the answers

How many moles of helium are found in a balloon that contains 5.5 L of helium at a pressure of 1.15 atm and a temperature of 22.0 ºC?

2.6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of O2 gas in a balloon at 1.0 atm and 305 K, after the temperature is lowered to 77 K?

0.16 L Signup and view all the answers

Identify the gas from a 3.50 g sample in a 1.5 L container with a pressure of 2.42 atm at 355 K.

N2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases will have the greatest average velocity at 300 K?

N2 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of intermolecular force is considered the strongest?

Ion-dipole interactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred writing instrument on exams to allow for answer changes?

Pencil Signup and view all the answers

How much energy is required to heat a 29.0 g sample of acetone from a solid at −94.8°C to −50.0°C?

5.64 kJ Signup and view all the answers

What phase is present after the temperature is increased to the critical temperature at constant pressure?

Gas Signup and view all the answers

If a certain metal forms in a FCC unit cell with an edge length of 3.52 Å, what is the radius of one atom?

4.98 × 10–8 cm Signup and view all the answers

Why is chloroform, CHCl3, more soluble in water than is carbon tetrachloride, CCl4?

CHCl3 is polar and has stronger solute–solvent interactions. Signup and view all the answers

When a room-temperature solution saturated in KCl and CO2 is heated to near boiling, what is most likely to occur?

Some CO2 bubbles out of solution. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass percent of a solution prepared from 15 g of NaCl in 45 g of H2O?

33% Signup and view all the answers

What is the molar mass of lauryl alcohol if 5.00 g of it in 0.100 kg of benzene freezes at 4.1°C?

270 g/mol Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of disappearance of NO during the first 100 seconds?

5.9 × 10–4 M/s Signup and view all the answers

If the rate of appearance of O2 is 0.0014 Ms–1, what is the rate of disappearance of H2O2?

0.0028 Ms–1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction given the initial rates and concentrations?

4.35 × 10–3 M–1s–1 Signup and view all the answers

For a reaction following first order kinetics with an initial concentration of 1.5 M and rate constant 0.0294 s–1, what is the concentration after 24.5 seconds?

0.29 M Signup and view all the answers

How long will it take for a zero order reaction with a rate constant of 0.28 to reach 30% of its original concentration of 1M?

20 s Signup and view all the answers

What is the activation energy (Ea) of the process that correlates chirping rates of crickets to temperature?

6.16 kJ/mol Signup and view all the answers

What is the incorrect assumption to make when determining the rate of a reaction?

Reaction rates are constant over time. Signup and view all the answers

In a first order reaction, what is the relationship between concentration and time?

Concentration decreases exponentially with time. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Midterm Information

Midterm Date: Friday, November 8th, 2024
Midterm Time: 6:30 PM (EST) – 8:30 PM (EST)
Exam Location: See Announcement on D2L for Exam Rooms
Format: 25 Multiple Choice Questions
Chapters covered: Chapters 7, 12-14
Allowed tools: Non-programmable Calculator, Pencil, Eraser, ID
Materials provided: Formula Sheet and Periodic Table

Exam Breakdown

Chapter 7 - Gases: 6 Questions
Chapter 12 - Liquids and Solids: 6 Questions
Chapter 13 – Solutions: 6 Questions
Chapter 14 – Chemical Kinetics: 7 Questions

Study Resources

D2L Interactive Examples: short videos on essential skills
D2L Video Tutorials
Textbook Questions (odd-numbered)
Adaptive Assignments on Achieve
Past Exams (available for practice)

Important Notes

Check D2L for your assignment to a specific exam room in Kerr Hall East
Fill out an Akindi Sheet by bubbling in your Student Number and Version Number correctly
Use a pencil on the Akindi Sheet so you can erase mistakes
No Student Number or Version Number on the Akindi Sheet results in a score of 0

Study Tips

Don’t make new notes; focus on summarizing already existing notes
Quiz yourself using existing notes and practice problems
Practice questions are key to success
Bounce between different topics closer to the exam date
Take care of yourself - eat well, take breaks, and get a good night's sleep!

Concept Review

Gas Laws:
- Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT
- Boyle's Law: P1V1 = P2V2
- Charles's Law: V1/T1 = V2/T2
- Avogadro's Law: V1/n1 = V2/n2
- Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures: Ptotal = P1 + P2 + ...
Kinetic Molecular Theory:
- Gases are composed of particles constantly in random motion with negligible volume
- Average kinetic energy is proportional to absolute temperature (KE = (1/2)mv^2)
Intermolecular Forces:
- Dispersion Forces: Weakest forces, present between all molecules; increase with increasing molecular size
- Dipole-Dipole Forces: Between polar molecules with permanent dipoles
- Hydrogen Bonding: Strongest dipole-dipole interaction; involves hydrogen bonded to highly electronegative elements (N, O, F)
- Ion-Dipole Forces: Between ions and polar molecules
Liquids and Solids:
- Properties of liquids: fluidity, viscosity, surface tension, and vapor pressure
- Types of solids: crystalline and amorphous
- Crystalline solids have a regular, repeating arrangement of atoms or molecules: ionic, covalent, metallic, and molecular solids
Solutions:
- Concentration units: molarity, molality
- Solute-Solvent Interactions: "like dissolves like"
- Factors affecting solubility: temperature, pressure, and nature of solvent and solute
- Colligative properties: vapor pressure lowering, freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure
Chemical Kinetics:
- Factors affecting reaction rate: concentration, temperature, and surface area
- Rate Law: expresses the relationship between the rate of a reaction and the concentration of reactants
- Reaction order: determined by the exponents in the rate law
- Integrated rate laws: used to determine the concentration of reactants or products at any given time
- Activation energy: minimum amount of energy required for a reaction to occur
- Catalysts: substances that increase the rate of a reaction without being consumed

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Description

Prepare for your upcoming Chemistry midterm covering Chapters 7, 12, 13, and 14. This review will focus on key concepts related to gases, liquids, solids, solutions, and chemical kinetics. Utilize provided resources such as video tutorials and past exams for effective study.