Chemistry Knowledge Test
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Questions and Answers

An atom is the ______ indivisible portion of a pure chemical substance

smallest

A compound is a pure chemical substance composed of more than one ______

element

A molecule is the ______ indivisible portion of a pure chemical substance

smallest

Molecules are typically a set of atoms bound together by ______ bonds

<p>covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of ______.

<p>matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemistry also addresses the nature of chemical ______ in chemical compounds.

<p>bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemistry explains aspects of plant growth (botany), the formation of igneous rocks (geology), how atmospheric ozone is formed and how environmental pollutants are degraded (ecology), the properties of the soil on the moon (cosmochemistry), how medications work (pharmacology), and how to collect DNA evidence at a crime scene (forensics).

<p>applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemistry is often associated with the quest to turn lead or other base metals into ______.

<p>gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

The current model of atomic structure is the ______ model.

<p>quantum mechanical</p> Signup and view all the answers

Matter can be a pure chemical substance or a ______ of substances.

<p>mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nucleus is made up of positively charged protons and uncharged ______.

<p>neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alchemy is often associated with the quest to turn lead or other base metals into ______.

<p>gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

The current model of atomic structure is the ______ model.

<p>quantum mechanical</p> Signup and view all the answers

The atom is the basic unit of ______.

<p>chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

A chemical element is a pure substance which is composed of a single type of ______.

<p>atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization developed the most frequently used chemical nomenclature worldwide?

<p>International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication contains the rules for naming organic compounds according to IUPAC?

<p>Blue Book</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication defines technical terms used in chemistry according to IUPAC?

<p>Gold Book</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical nomenclature system is the most commonly used?

<p>CAS</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of chemical nomenclature?

<p>To standardize communication and practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who published the first widely accepted proposals for standardization of chemical nomenclature?

<p>Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between chemical nomenclature and lexicography?

<p>Chemical nomenclature aims to standardize communication, while lexicography collects and reports the meanings of words</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization was responsible for developing nomenclature for organic and inorganic chemistry?

<p>The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the naming convention for type-I ionic binary compounds?

<p>The cation is named first, followed by the anion</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are type-II ionic binary compounds named?

<p>The cation is named first, followed by a Roman numeral indicating its charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Roman numeral in type-II ionic binary compound names?

<p>To indicate the oxidation state of the cation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemical substances are classified in terms of their structure, phase, as well as their chemical compositions. They can be analyzed using the tools of ______ analysis, e.g. spectroscopy and chromatography.

<p>chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

The basis of a chemical transformation is the rearrangement of electrons in the ______ bonds between atoms.

<p>chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and ______ in a nucleus.

<p>neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nucleus is dense; the mass of a nucleon is approximately 1,836 times that of an electron, yet the radius of an atom is about 10,000 times that of its ______.

<p>nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemistry is sometimes called the ______ science because it provides a foundation for understanding both basic and applied scientific disciplines at a fundamental level.

<p>central</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemistry explains aspects of plant growth (botany), the formation of igneous rocks (geology), how atmospheric ozone is formed and how environmental pollutants are degraded (ecology), the properties of the soil on the moon (cosmochemistry), how medications work (pharmacology), and how to collect DNA evidence at a crime scene (forensics). Chemistry is a study that has existed since ______ times.

<p>ancient</p> Signup and view all the answers

The word chemistry comes from a modification during the Renaissance of the word _______, which referred to an earlier set of practices that encompassed elements of chemistry, metallurgy, philosophy, astrology, astronomy, mysticism, and medicine.

<p>alchemy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identifiable molecules compose familiar substances such as _____, air, and many organic compounds like alcohol, sugar, gasoline, and the various pharmaceuticals.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

The structure of diatomic, triatomic or tetra-atomic molecules may be ______, (linear, angular pyramidal etc.) the structure of polyatomic molecules, that are constituted of more than six atoms (of several elements) can be crucial for its chemical properties.

<p>trivial</p> Signup and view all the answers

Instead, these substances are discussed in terms of formula units or unit cells as the smallest repeating structure within the ______.

<p>substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

The names for inorganic compounds are created according to the ______ nomenclature system.

<p>inorganic</p> Signup and view all the answers

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