Questions and Answers
Which hydrocarbon is saturated?
Which element has atoms that can bond with each other to form ring, chain, and network structures?
Which formula represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
Which formula represents a hydrocarbon?
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A molecule of an unsaturated hydrocarbon must have _____.
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How many pairs of electrons are shared between two adjacent carbon atoms in a saturated hydrocarbon?
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A carbon-carbon triple bond is found in a molecule of?
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Which general formula represents the compound CH3CH2CCH?
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A molecule of a compound contains a total of 10 hydrogen atoms and has the general formula CnH2n+2. Which prefix is used in the name of this compound?
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Which compound is a saturated hydrocarbon?
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To which homologous series does CH3CH2CH2CH3 belong?
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Which formula represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
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The multiple covalent bond in a molecule of 1-butene is a _____
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Which compound is saturated?
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What is the chemical name for the compound CH3CH2CH2CH3?
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A molecule of which compound has a multiple covalent bond?
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Which formula can represent an alkyne?
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Which formula represents an alkane?
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What is the number of electrons shared in the multiple carbon-carbon bond in one molecule of 1-pentyne?
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Saturated hydrocarbon _____.
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Unsaturated hydrocarbon _____.
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Which structural formula represents a molecule of butane?
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If a hydrocarbon molecule contains a triple bond, its IUPAC name ends in _____.
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A molecule of ethane and a molecule of ethene both have the same _____
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Which formula represents an alkene?
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Which structural formula represents a member of the series of hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n-2?
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Which is the structural formula of ethene?
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Which hydrocarbon is a member of the alkane series?
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Which is the general formula for the alkane series of hydrocarbons?
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Which is a saturated hydrocarbon?
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Ethane is a member of the hydrocarbon series with the general formula _____
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In which pair hydrocarbons does each compound contain only one double bond per molecule?
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Given the structural formula for ethyne: H - C = C - H, what is the total number of electrons shared between the carbon atoms?
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Which is the correct name for the substance shown in the diagram?
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Which compound is a saturated hydrocarbon?
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The compound C4H10 belongs to the series of hydrocarbons with the general formula _____.
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The empirical formula of a compound is CH2. Which molecular formula is correctly paired with a structural formula for this compound?
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Which structural formula represents 2-pentyne?
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A hydrocarbon molecule has seven carbon atoms in a straight chain. There is a double bond between the third carbon atom and the fourth carbon atom in the chain. The IUPAC name for this hydrocarbon is _____
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Given the formula representing a compound, what is a chemical name of this compound?
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Study Notes
Hydrocarbon Basics
- Saturated hydrocarbons contain only single bonds between carbon atoms.
- Unsaturated hydrocarbons feature at least one multiple bond (double or triple) between carbon atoms.
Formulas and Compounds
- The general formula for alkanes: CnH2n+2.
- The general formula for alkenes: CnH2n.
- The general formula for alkynes: CnH2n-2.
- Examples of hydrocarbons:
- Butane: C4H10 (saturated).
- Ethene: C2H4 (unsaturated with a double bond).
- 1-butyne: contains a carbon-carbon triple bond.
Bonding Characteristics
- In saturated hydrocarbons, adjacent carbon atoms share one pair of electrons.
- Multiple covalent bonds involve sharing two (double bond) or three pairs (triple bond) of electrons. For example:
- Ethene (C2H4) has a double bond, sharing 4 electrons.
- Ethyne (C2H2) has a triple bond, sharing 6 electrons.
Homologous Series
- Alkanes: Single-bond hydrocarbons (-ane suffix).
- Alkenes: Hydrocarbons with one double bond (-ene suffix).
- Alkynes: Hydrocarbons with one triple bond (-yne suffix).
IUPAC Nomenclature
- Compounds with a carbon-carbon double bond use the suffix -ene in their names (e.g., 2-pentene).
- Compounds with a carbon-carbon triple bond use the suffix -yne (e.g., 1-butyne).
- Prefixes such as but-, eth-, and prop- are used to indicate the number of carbon atoms.
Structural Representation
- Skeletal formulas represent the arrangement and bonding in a compound.
- Structural formulas are crucial for identifying the types of bonds present in hydrocarbons.
- Example: CH3CH2CCH can be represented and named based on its structural characteristics.
Important Examples
- Ethane: C2H6, a member of alkanes.
- Propene: C3H6, an example of an alkene.
- 3-heptene is a seven-carbon hydrocarbon with a double bond located between the third and fourth carbons.
Key Comparisons
- Ethene (C2H4) and ethane (C2H6) have the same number of carbon atoms but differ in their bonding.
- Unsaturated hydrocarbons can form ring, chain, and network structures due to the versatility of carbon atom bonding.
Quiz and Identification
- Knowing the molecular formula helps in identifying the type of hydrocarbon and its structural representation.
- The questions and definitions provided can be used to quiz understanding of concepts related to hydrocarbons, their properties, and bonding types.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on hydrocarbons with this set of flashcards designed for Mrs. Ferren's chemistry class. Each card presents a question about hydrocarbon structures, formulas, and properties. Perfect for quick reviews and mastering the topic!
