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Questions and Answers
A chemical formula for a molecular compound represents the composition of:
A chemical formula for a molecular compound represents the composition of:
- a compound
- a molecule (correct)
- a solution
- an element
How many atoms of fluorine are present in a molecule of carbon tetrafluoride, CF4?
How many atoms of fluorine are present in a molecule of carbon tetrafluoride, CF4?
4
What is the formula for zinc fluoride?
What is the formula for zinc fluoride?
ZnF2
Name the compound Zn3(PO4)2.
Name the compound Zn3(PO4)2.
Name the compound KClO3.
Name the compound KClO3.
Name the compound Fe(NO3)2.
Name the compound Fe(NO3)2.
Name the compound CF4.
Name the compound CF4.
Name the compound N2O3.
Name the compound N2O3.
What is the formula for silicon dioxide?
What is the formula for silicon dioxide?
What is the formula for dinitrogen trioxide?
What is the formula for dinitrogen trioxide?
What is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a formula for a compound?
What is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a formula for a compound?
What is the formula mass of ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH?
What is the formula mass of ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH?
What is the formula mass of (NH4)2SO4?
What is the formula mass of (NH4)2SO4?
The molar mass of LiF is 25.94 g/mol. How many moles of LiF are present in 10.37 g?
The molar mass of LiF is 25.94 g/mol. How many moles of LiF are present in 10.37 g?
How many Mg2+ ions are found in 1.00 mol of MgO?
How many Mg2+ ions are found in 1.00 mol of MgO?
What is the percentage composition of CF4?
What is the percentage composition of CF4?
A formula that shows the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in a compound is the:
A formula that shows the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in a compound is the:
What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 53.3% O and 46.7% Si?
What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 53.3% O and 46.7% Si?
A compound contains 259.2 g of F and 40.8 g of C. What is the empirical formula for this compound?
A compound contains 259.2 g of F and 40.8 g of C. What is the empirical formula for this compound?
A compound contains 64 g of O and 8 g of H. What is the empirical formula for this compound?
A compound contains 64 g of O and 8 g of H. What is the empirical formula for this compound?
What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 36.1% Ca and 63.9% Cl?
What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 36.1% Ca and 63.9% Cl?
A compound contains 27.3 g of C and 72.7 g of O. What is the empirical formula for this compound?
A compound contains 27.3 g of C and 72.7 g of O. What is the empirical formula for this compound?
A compound's empirical formula is N2O5. If the formula mass is 108 amu, what is the molecular formula?
A compound's empirical formula is N2O5. If the formula mass is 108 amu, what is the molecular formula?
A compound's empirical formula is NO2. If the formula mass is 92 amu, what is the molecular formula?
A compound's empirical formula is NO2. If the formula mass is 92 amu, what is the molecular formula?
What is the small whole number that appears in front of a formula in a chemical equation?
What is the small whole number that appears in front of a formula in a chemical equation?
A chemical equation is balanced when the:
A chemical equation is balanced when the:
Which of the following is a formula equation for the formation of carbon dioxide from carbon and oxygen?
Which of the following is a formula equation for the formation of carbon dioxide from carbon and oxygen?
In the chemical equation 2Mg(s) + O2(g) -> 2MgO(s), what does Mg represent?
In the chemical equation 2Mg(s) + O2(g) -> 2MgO(s), what does Mg represent?
In an equation, the symbol for a substance in water solution is followed by:
In an equation, the symbol for a substance in water solution is followed by:
Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation CaO + H2O -> Ca(OH)2?
Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation CaO + H2O -> Ca(OH)2?
What is the balanced equation for the combustion of sulfur?
What is the balanced equation for the combustion of sulfur?
In what kind of reaction do two or more substances combine to form a new compound?
In what kind of reaction do two or more substances combine to form a new compound?
In what kind of reaction does a single compound produce two or more simpler substances?
In what kind of reaction does a single compound produce two or more simpler substances?
The equation A + BX -> AX + B is the general equation for a:
The equation A + BX -> AX + B is the general equation for a:
The reaction represented by the equation 2Mg(s) + O2(g) -> 2MgO(s) is a:
The reaction represented by the equation 2Mg(s) + O2(g) -> 2MgO(s) is a:
The reaction represented by the equation Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) is a:
The reaction represented by the equation Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) is a:
The reaction represented by the equation 2HgO(s) -> 2Hg(l) + O2(g) is a(n):
The reaction represented by the equation 2HgO(s) -> 2Hg(l) + O2(g) is a(n):
In the equation 2Al(s) + 3Fe(NO3)2(aq) -> 3Fe(s) + 2Al(NO3)3(aq), iron has been replaced by:
In the equation 2Al(s) + 3Fe(NO3)2(aq) -> 3Fe(s) + 2Al(NO3)3(aq), iron has been replaced by:
The ability of an element to react is the element's:
The ability of an element to react is the element's:
An element in the activity series can replace any element:
An element in the activity series can replace any element:
Predict what happens when calcium metal is added to a solution of magnesium chloride.
Predict what happens when calcium metal is added to a solution of magnesium chloride.
Predict what happens when nickel is added to a solution of potassium chloride.
Predict what happens when nickel is added to a solution of potassium chloride.
Which of the following would not be studied in the branch of chemistry called stoichiometry?
Which of the following would not be studied in the branch of chemistry called stoichiometry?
A balanced chemical equation allows one to determine the:
A balanced chemical equation allows one to determine the:
Each reaction stoichiometry problem requires using a:
Each reaction stoichiometry problem requires using a:
In the reaction represented by the equation C + 2H2 -> CH4, what is the mole ratio of hydrogen to methane?
In the reaction represented by the equation C + 2H2 -> CH4, what is the mole ratio of hydrogen to methane?
In the reaction represented by the equation N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3, what is the mole ratio of hydrogen to ammonia?
In the reaction represented by the equation N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3, what is the mole ratio of hydrogen to ammonia?
The Haber process for producing ammonia commercially is represented by the equation N2(g) + 3H2(g) -> 2NH3(g). To completely convert 9.0 mol hydrogen gas to ammonia gas, how many moles of nitrogen gas are required?
The Haber process for producing ammonia commercially is represented by the equation N2(g) + 3H2(g) -> 2NH3(g). To completely convert 9.0 mol hydrogen gas to ammonia gas, how many moles of nitrogen gas are required?
For the reaction represented by the equation 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, how many moles of water can be produced from 6.0 mol of oxygen?
For the reaction represented by the equation 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, how many moles of water can be produced from 6.0 mol of oxygen?
For the reaction represented by the equation 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, how many grams of water are produced from 6.00 mol of hydrogen?
For the reaction represented by the equation 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, how many grams of water are produced from 6.00 mol of hydrogen?
For the reaction represented by the equation SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4, how many grams of sulfur trioxide are required to produce 4.00 mol of sulfuric acid in an excess of water?
For the reaction represented by the equation SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4, how many grams of sulfur trioxide are required to produce 4.00 mol of sulfuric acid in an excess of water?
For the reaction represented by the equation 2HNO3 + Mg(OH)2 -> Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O, how many grams of magnesium nitrate are produced from 8.00 mol of nitric acid, HNO3, and an excess of Mg(OH)2?
For the reaction represented by the equation 2HNO3 + Mg(OH)2 -> Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O, how many grams of magnesium nitrate are produced from 8.00 mol of nitric acid, HNO3, and an excess of Mg(OH)2?
For the reaction represented by the equation Cl2 + 2KBr -> 2KCl + Br2, how many grams of potassium chloride can be produced from 300.g each of chlorine and potassium bromide?
For the reaction represented by the equation Cl2 + 2KBr -> 2KCl + Br2, how many grams of potassium chloride can be produced from 300.g each of chlorine and potassium bromide?
To determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction, one must know the:
To determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction, one must know the:
To determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction involving known masses of A and B, one could first calculate:
To determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction involving known masses of A and B, one could first calculate:
What is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, multiplied by 100%?
What is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, multiplied by 100%?
What is the measured amount of a product obtained from a chemical reaction?
What is the measured amount of a product obtained from a chemical reaction?
What is the maximum possible amount of product obtained in a chemical reaction?
What is the maximum possible amount of product obtained in a chemical reaction?
A chemist interested in the efficiency of a chemical reaction would calculate the:
A chemist interested in the efficiency of a chemical reaction would calculate the:
If the percentage yield is equal to 100%, then:
If the percentage yield is equal to 100%, then:
For the reaction represented by the equation CH4 + 2O2 -> 2H2O + CO2, calculate the percentage yield of carbon dioxide if Laura Buckley and Andrea Case react 1000.g of methane with excess oxygen and find that they have produced 2300.g of carbon dioxide.
For the reaction represented by the equation CH4 + 2O2 -> 2H2O + CO2, calculate the percentage yield of carbon dioxide if Laura Buckley and Andrea Case react 1000.g of methane with excess oxygen and find that they have produced 2300.g of carbon dioxide.
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, gases condense into liquids because of:
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, gases condense into liquids because of:
The kinetic-molecular theory explains the behavior of:
The kinetic-molecular theory explains the behavior of:
Unlike in an ideal gas, in a real gas:
Unlike in an ideal gas, in a real gas:
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, particles of an ideal gas:
According to the kinetic-molecular theory, particles of an ideal gas:
What determines the average kinetic energy of the molecules of any gas?
What determines the average kinetic energy of the molecules of any gas?
Which is an example of effusion?
Which is an example of effusion?
What happens to the volume of a gas during compression?
What happens to the volume of a gas during compression?
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Study Notes
Chemical Formulas and Composition
- Chemical formula denotes the composition of a molecule.
- Example: In carbon tetrafluoride (CF4), there are 4 fluorine atoms.
Common Chemical Compounds
- Zinc fluoride's formula is ZnF2.
- The compound Zn3(PO4)2 is named zinc phosphate.
- KClO3 is referred to as potassium chlorate.
- Fe(NO3)2 is known as iron(II) nitrate.
- CF4 corresponds to carbon tetrafluoride.
- N2O3 is named dinitrogen trioxide.
- The formula for silicon dioxide is SiO2.
Formula Mass and Molar Mass
- The term "formula mass" refers to the total atomic mass of all atoms in a compound.
- Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) has a formula mass of 46.08 amu.
- The formula mass of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) is 132.16 amu.
- Molar mass of LiF is 25.94 g/mol; 10.37 g of LiF corresponds to about 0.3998 mol.
Empirical Formulas
- Empirical formulas represent the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
- The empirical formula for a compound composed of 53.3% O and 46.7% Si is SiO2.
- For a compound with 259.2 g of F and 40.8 g of C, the empirical formula is CF4.
- A compound containing 64 g of O and 8 g of H has the empirical formula H2O.
- The empirical formula for a compound made of 36.1% Ca and 63.9% Cl is CaCl2.
Chemical Reactions and Balancing Equations
- A chemical equation is balanced when each type of atom is equal on both sides.
- In the equation 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s), Mg is the magnesium reagent.
- The balanced equation for oxidation of sulfur is S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g).
- Synthesis reactions occur when two or more substances create a new compound, while decomposition reactions break down a compound into simpler components.
Stoichiometry and Moles
- Stoichiometry involves calculating the mole ratio of substances in a reaction.
- In the reaction N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3, the mole ratio of hydrogen to ammonia is 3:2.
- The Haber process requires 3.0 moles of nitrogen gas to completely convert 9.0 moles of hydrogen gas to ammonia.
Yield and Efficiency in Reactions
- Actual yield refers to the measured amount of product from a chemical reaction.
- Theoretical yield indicates the maximum possible product.
- Percentage yield compares actual yield to theoretical yield expressed as a percentage.
- A 100% yield indicates actual equals theoretical yield.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
- The kinetic-molecular theory describes the behavior of solids, liquids, and gases.
- Real gases differ from ideal gases due to intermolecular forces.
- Changes in temperature directly affect the average kinetic energy of gas molecules.
- Effusion is exemplified by air escaping from a punctured tire.
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