Chemistry: Evaporation and Filtration Methods
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best defines a pure substance in chemistry?

  • A substance made up of multiple elements
  • A substance with a fixed structure and definite properties (correct)
  • A substance that can be broken into mixtures
  • A substance with impurities

What is the measure of purity used to classify pure substances in chemistry?

  • Density
  • Atomic weight
  • Purity rating (correct)
  • Boiling point

Why is it difficult to achieve 100% purity for most pure substances in reality?

  • The concept of pure substances
  • Presence of multiple compounds in the substance (correct)
  • Lack of refining techniques
  • The fixed structure of pure substances

Which refining process helps remove impurities from a substance?

<p>Distillation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum purity rating required for a substance to be considered pure in chemistry?

<p>99.9% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be classified as a pure substance?

<p>Sugar (C12H22O11) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is commonly used to remove impurities from liquids?

<p>Fractionation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is considered a pure substance because it contains only one type of element?

<p>Water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid called?

<p>Melting point (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

<p>Air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mixtures are generally easier to separate?

<p>Heterogeneous mixtures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ability of a substance to transfer electricity called?

<p>Conductivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to separate components of a liquid mixture with heating and cooling?

<p>Distillation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind the separation of mixtures by chromatography?

<p>Components having different affinities for a stationary phase and mobile phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor used to help identify the components present in a mixture using chromatography?

<p>The retention factor (Rf) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is effective for separating a homogeneous mixture of dissolved solids in a liquid?

<p>Evaporation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a supersaturated solution forms into a solid?

<p>Crystallization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that enables distillation to separate components of a liquid mixture?

<p>Differences in vaporization temperature for components (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of filtration?

<p>Passing the mixture through a filtering agent to separate solids from the liquid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is dissolving used as a technique for separating mixtures?

<p>Incorporating a solid into a liquid, followed by filtration to remove non-dissolvable components (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of magnetic separation for mixtures?

<p>Utilizing the magnetic properties of one component to be attracted to and stick to a magnet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of atomic number in defining an element?

<p>It represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle has no charge and is present in the nucleus of an atom?

<p>Neutron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a sieve in manual separation?

<p>Sort out mixture components by size using small holes or mesh at the bottom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of an atom?

<p>The number of protons in the nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass number of an atom?

<p>The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does one determine the number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus?

<p>By subtracting atomic number from mass number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between atomic number and mass number?

<p>They are both fundamental properties of an element (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by isotopes?

<p>Atoms with same atomic numbers but different mass numbers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can one represent an element using its mass number?

<p>By providing both atomic and mass numbers in a visual representation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of uranium?

<p>92 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of gold?

<p>79 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

<p>Total protons in the nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between mass number and atomic mass?

<p>Mass number considers only protons, while atomic mass considers protons and neutrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an isobar?

<p>Atoms of different elements with the same atomic mass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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