Chemistry: Elements and Atomic Theory
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Questions and Answers

What is the symbol for Gold?

  • Ag
  • Pb
  • Cu
  • Au (correct)

    • The first letter of every element symbol is always lowercase.

    False

    Which element has the symbol 'Ne'?

    Neon

    What is the standard reference for measuring atomic masses as of 1961?

    <p>Carbon-12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The symbol for Nitrogen is ______.

    <p>N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One atomic mass unit (amu) is defined as one-twelfth the mass of a hydrogen atom.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements with their atomic symbols:

    <p>Calcium = Ca Iron = Fe Silver = Ag Bromine = Br</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a molecule?

    <p>A molecule is a group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The average atomic mass of an element is compared to 1/12 the mass of a _____ atom.

    <p>carbon-12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements with their atomic masses:

    <p>Hydrogen = 1 Oxygen = 16 Nitrogen = 14 Calcium = 40</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of chemicals can be used in the activity described?

    <p>Barium Chloride and Sodium Sulphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The flask used in the activity is sealed with a cork.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hanging the ignition tube in the conical flask?

    <p>To prevent the solutions from mixing before the reaction occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Law of Conservation of Mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the activity, ___ mL of water is used to prepare each solution.

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the chemical with its pair used in the activity:

    <p>Copper Sulphate = Sodium Carbonate Barium Chloride = Sodium Sulphate Lead Nitrate = Sodium Chloride Iron Oxide = Sodium Bromide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Dalton's Atomic Theory, atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed the atomic theory in 1808?

    <p>John Dalton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In water, the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is always ___ by mass.

    <p>1:8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their definitions:

    <p>Law of Conservation of Mass = Mass cannot be created or destroyed Law of Definite Proportions = Elements combine in fixed ratios Dalton's Atomic Theory = Theory explaining the behavior of atoms Atoms = Tiny particles that make up all matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for Sodium Carbonate?

    <p>Na₂CO₃</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The molecular mass of water is 18 u.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of the ammonium ion (NH₄)?

    <p>1+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The formula for Calcium Hydroxide is Ca(OH)_______.

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following compounds with their corresponding formulas:

    <p>Sodium Nitrate = NaNO₃ Calcium Hydroxide = Ca(OH)₂ Ammonium Sulphate = (NH₄)₂SO₄ Sodium Carbonate = Na₂CO₃</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best defines a formula unit?

    <p>A term used for substances whose constituent particles are ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Law of Definite Proportions states that elements in a chemical compound can vary in their proportions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecule is O2?

    <p>Diatomic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula unit mass of CaCl₂?

    <p>111 u</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carbon dioxide (CO2) is made of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A molecule is the smallest particle of an element or a __________ capable of independent existence.

    <p>compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the number of atoms in a molecule?

    <p>Atomicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Atom = Smallest particle of an element Molecule = Smallest particle of a compound capable of independent existence Polyatomic Ion = Cluster of atoms acting as an ion Ionic Compound = Compound formed by the transfer of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An ion that has a net positive charge is called a _____

    <p>cation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements with their atomicity:

    <p>Oxygen = Diatomic Argon = Monoatomic Phosphorus = Tetra-atomic Sulphur = Poly-atomic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula correctly represents a compound made of magnesium and chlorine?

    <p>MgCl2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The formula for Aluminum Oxide is AlO.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for Hydrogen Sulphide?

    <p>H2S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chemical formula for Calcium Chloride is _______.

    <p>CaCl2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following compounds with their correct formulas:

    <p>Hydrogen Chloride = HCl Carbon Tetrachloride = CCl4 Magnesium Oxide = MgO Calcium Sulfide = CaS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the building block of all matter?

    <p>Atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An atomic radius is typically measured in centimeters.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first scientist to use symbols for elements?

    <p>Dalton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Atoms are smaller than anything we can imagine or compare with, measuring in __________.

    <p>nanometres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the symbols with their respective elements:

    <p>H = Hydrogen C = Carbon O = Oxygen Fe = Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Berzelius suggest about symbols for elements?

    <p>They should be made from one or two letters of the element's name.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The atomic radius of a hydrogen atom is 10-10 meters.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate size of a collection of millions of atoms stacked together?

    <p>As thick as a sheet of paper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio by mass of Sodium chloride?

    <p>23:35.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calcium oxide consists of magnesium and oxygen.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symbol for the Ammonium ion?

    <p>NH₄⁺</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chemical formula of Magnesium sulphide is ______.

    <p>MgS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following ions with their corresponding charges:

    <p>Sodium = +1 Calcium = +2 Aluminium = +3 Oxide = -2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ancient Indian and Greek Philosophers

    • Ancient Indian and Greek philosophers pondered the unknown and unseen form of matter.
    • The idea of divisibility of matter was considered long back in India, around 500 BC.
    • An Indian philosopher, Maharshi Kanad, postulated that matter is divisible into smaller and smaller particles.
    • Another Indian philosopher, Pakudha Katayama, elaborated this doctrine.
    • These theories helped understand the existence of matter in various forms.

    Law of Conservation of Mass

    • Lavoisier, along with other scientists, observed that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
    • The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products in a chemical reaction.
    • This is the law of conservation of mass.

    Law of Constant Proportions

    • Lavoisier and other scientists observed that compounds are always formed in definite proportions by mass.
    • This means no matter the source or method for obtaining a compound, the ratios of the masses of the constituent elements remain consistent.
    • The law of constant proportions led to the concept of atoms as indivisible particles forming substances in fixed ratios.

    Dalton's Atomic Theory

    • Dalton proposed an atomic theory that explained chemical laws and the compositions of chemical compounds.
    • He proposed that all matter is made up of extremely small particles called atoms.
    • Atoms of the same element are identical, but atoms of different elements have different properties and masses.
    • In a given compound, the relative numbers and types of atoms are fixed.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the symbols of elements, atomic masses, and the basics of Dalton's Atomic Theory. This quiz will cover various aspects of chemistry including how molecules are formed and chemical reactions. Prepare to match elements, symbols, and their properties!

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