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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of an oxidising agent in a redox reaction?
Which of the following statements is true about the reaction between iron(III) oxide and carbon monoxide?
What is the term for a reaction that involves simultaneous oxidation and reduction?
What is the role of carbon monoxide in the extraction of iron from iron(III) oxide?
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In the reaction between copper(II) oxide and hydrogen, what is the oxidising agent?
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What is the result of oxidation in a redox reaction?
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What is the characteristic of a pure substance?
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What is the result of the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?
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What is the chemical formula for water?
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What is formed when elements combine chemically?
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What is the process of removing oxygen from a substance called?
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What is the term for the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to form water?
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What type of reaction involves both oxidation and reduction?
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What is the definition of oxidation?
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Study Notes
Compounds
- A compound is a pure substance formed when two or more elements combine chemically.
- A pure substance is a material that has a constant composition (is homogeneous) and has consistent properties throughout.
Water as a Compound
- Water is a simple compound formed from the elements hydrogen and oxygen.
- Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce the compound water.
- Water molecules contain two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen, and water has the chemical formula H2O.
Chemical Formula
- If there is only one atom of an element in the molecule, no number is required in the formula, only its symbol is given.
- For example, oxygen in the water molecule H2O.
Oxides
- Elements other than hydrogen react with oxygen to form compounds called oxides.
- For example, magnesium reacts with oxygen gas to form the white powder magnesium oxide.
- Magnesium burns brightly in oxygen to produce magnesium oxide.
Chemical Change and Oxidation
- When a new substance is formed during a chemical reaction, a chemical change has taken place.
- When substances such as hydrogen and magnesium combine with oxygen, they are said to have been oxidised, and this process is known as oxidation.
- Oxidation is the gain of oxygen.
Reduction
- Reduction is the opposite of oxidation, where oxygen is removed rather than added.
- Reduction is the loss of oxygen.
Redox Reactions
- Chemical processes that involve reduction and oxidation are called redox reactions.
- For example, to extract iron from iron(III) oxide, the oxygen has to be removed (reduction).
- The reduction of iron(III) oxide can be done in a blast furnace using carbon monoxide.
Reducing and Oxidising Agents
- Carbon monoxide is the reducing agent in the reduction of iron(III) oxide.
- A reducing agent is a substance that reduces another substance during a redox reaction.
- In the reaction, carbon monoxide is oxidised to carbon dioxide by the iron(III) oxide.
- Iron(III) oxide is the oxidising agent in the reaction.
- An oxidising agent is a substance which oxidises another substance during a redox reaction.
Key Points about Redox Reactions
- Redox reactions involve simultaneous oxidation and reduction.
- An oxidising agent is a substance that oxidises another substance and is itself reduced.
- A reducing agent is a substance that reduces another substance and is itself oxidised.
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Description
Learn about compounds, their formation, and properties. Understand how elements combine to form compounds, with water as an example.
