Chemistry: Compounds and Elements
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of an oxidising agent in a redox reaction?

  • To reduce another substance and remain unchanged
  • To reduce another substance and be oxidised itself
  • To oxidise another substance and remain unchanged
  • To oxidise another substance and be reduced itself (correct)

    • Which of the following statements is true about the reaction between iron(III) oxide and carbon monoxide?

  • Carbon monoxide is reduced to carbon dioxide and iron(III) oxide is oxidised to iron
  • Carbon monoxide is reduced to iron and iron(III) oxide is oxidised to carbon dioxide
  • Carbon monoxide is oxidised to carbon dioxide and iron(III) oxide is reduced to iron (correct)
  • Carbon monoxide is oxidised to iron and iron(III) oxide is reduced to carbon dioxide

    • What is the term for a reaction that involves simultaneous oxidation and reduction?

  • Oxidation reaction
  • Chemical reaction
  • Redox reaction (correct)
  • Reduction reaction

    • What is the role of carbon monoxide in the extraction of iron from iron(III) oxide?

    <p>Reducing agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the reaction between copper(II) oxide and hydrogen, what is the oxidising agent?

    <p>Copper(II) oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of oxidation in a redox reaction?

    <p>Gain of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a pure substance?

    <p>It has a constant composition and consistent properties throughout.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?

    <p>Magnesium oxide and energy release.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for water?

    <p>H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when elements combine chemically?

    <p>A compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of removing oxygen from a substance called?

    <p>Reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to form water?

    <p>Chemical synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction involves both oxidation and reduction?

    <p>Redox reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of oxidation?

    <p>Gain of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Compounds

    • A compound is a pure substance formed when two or more elements combine chemically.
    • A pure substance is a material that has a constant composition (is homogeneous) and has consistent properties throughout.

    Water as a Compound

    • Water is a simple compound formed from the elements hydrogen and oxygen.
    • Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce the compound water.
    • Water molecules contain two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen, and water has the chemical formula H2O.

    Chemical Formula

    • If there is only one atom of an element in the molecule, no number is required in the formula, only its symbol is given.
    • For example, oxygen in the water molecule H2O.

    Oxides

    • Elements other than hydrogen react with oxygen to form compounds called oxides.
    • For example, magnesium reacts with oxygen gas to form the white powder magnesium oxide.
    • Magnesium burns brightly in oxygen to produce magnesium oxide.

    Chemical Change and Oxidation

    • When a new substance is formed during a chemical reaction, a chemical change has taken place.
    • When substances such as hydrogen and magnesium combine with oxygen, they are said to have been oxidised, and this process is known as oxidation.
    • Oxidation is the gain of oxygen.

    Reduction

    • Reduction is the opposite of oxidation, where oxygen is removed rather than added.
    • Reduction is the loss of oxygen.

    Redox Reactions

    • Chemical processes that involve reduction and oxidation are called redox reactions.
    • For example, to extract iron from iron(III) oxide, the oxygen has to be removed (reduction).
    • The reduction of iron(III) oxide can be done in a blast furnace using carbon monoxide.

    Reducing and Oxidising Agents

    • Carbon monoxide is the reducing agent in the reduction of iron(III) oxide.
    • A reducing agent is a substance that reduces another substance during a redox reaction.
    • In the reaction, carbon monoxide is oxidised to carbon dioxide by the iron(III) oxide.
    • Iron(III) oxide is the oxidising agent in the reaction.
    • An oxidising agent is a substance which oxidises another substance during a redox reaction.

    Key Points about Redox Reactions

    • Redox reactions involve simultaneous oxidation and reduction.
    • An oxidising agent is a substance that oxidises another substance and is itself reduced.
    • A reducing agent is a substance that reduces another substance and is itself oxidised.

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    Description

    Learn about compounds, their formation, and properties. Understand how elements combine to form compounds, with water as an example.

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