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Questions and Answers
What does the empirical formula of a compound represent?
What does the empirical formula of a compound represent?
Which of the following correctly indicates the formula for a compound formed by magnesium and oxygen?
Which of the following correctly indicates the formula for a compound formed by magnesium and oxygen?
How is the formula for a compound with a non-metal and hydrogen typically constructed?
How is the formula for a compound with a non-metal and hydrogen typically constructed?
What is the correct balanced equation for the reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid?
What is the correct balanced equation for the reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid?
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What is the structural formula for ammonia?
What is the structural formula for ammonia?
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Which of the following represents a correct example of a sulfate compound?
Which of the following represents a correct example of a sulfate compound?
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What is the purpose of the valency table provided?
What is the purpose of the valency table provided?
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What is the correct state symbol for a gaseous compound in a chemical equation?
What is the correct state symbol for a gaseous compound in a chemical equation?
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Study Notes
Compound Names and Formulas
- Empirical Formula: Simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound.
- Molecular Formula: Actual number of each type of atom in a compound.
Forming Compound Names
- Metal + Nonmetal: Metal name + nonmetal name + "-ide" (e.g., magnesium oxide)
- Exceptions (Nonmetal + Nonmetal): Consider the exception of lower-group number nonmetals and hydrogen when naming these compounds (e.g., carbon dioxide = CO2)
Chemical Formulas
- Formula Unit: Smallest unit of a compound with the correct ratio of atoms.
- Structural Formula: Shows how atoms are bonded.
- Water (H₂O): Contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
- Ammonia (NH₃): Contains 1 nitrogen atom and 3 hydrogen atoms.
Determining Formulas
- Valency/Combining Power: Used to determine the subscripts in the formula..
- Example: Al (3+) and S(2-) combine to create Al₂S₃.
- Balancing Equations: Ensure "equal no. of each atom on either side of the arrow".
Chemical Equations
- State Symbols: Key symbols (s) - solid; (l) - liquid; (g) - gas; (aq) - aqueous.
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Description
Test your knowledge on empirical and molecular formulas, and learn how to name compounds correctly. This quiz covers essential concepts like metal and nonmetal combinations and how to represent chemical formulas accurately. Perfect for anyone studying introductory chemistry topics.
