7 Questions
Explain the dehydrohalogenation reaction of 2-chlorobutane.
2-chlorobutane undergoes dehydrohalogenation to form 2-butene when treated with a strong base like alcoholic KOH.
What are the uses and environmental effects of CFC?
CFCs were commonly used as refrigerants, solvents, and propellants. However, they are known to deplete the ozone layer, leading to environmental damage.
Explain the SN2 reaction mechanism for alkaline hydrolysis of bromomethane.
In the SN2 mechanism, a hydroxide ion attacks the carbon atom bonded to the bromine, leading to the displacement of the bromine atom by the hydroxide ion.
What is the product formed when alkyl halide reacts with silver nitrite?
The product formed is an alkyl nitrite.
What are the four silent features of SN1 mechanism?
The four silent features are unimolecular, two-step reaction, formation of a carbocation intermediate, and racemization.
What is the action of methyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 on chlorobenzene?
Methyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 acts as a Friedel-Crafts acylation reagent on chlorobenzene.
What is the action of fuming H2SO4 on chlorobenzene?
Fuming H2SO4 can sulfonate chlorobenzene to form benzenesulfonic acid.
Study Notes
Dehydrohalogenation Reaction
- Dehydrohalogenation reaction of 2-chlorobutane involves the removal of a halogen (Cl) and a hydrogen atom to form an alkene (but-2-ene)
CFC (Chlorofluorocarbons)
- Uses: refrigerants, propellants, and solvents
- Environmental effects: contribute to ozone depletion and global warming
SN2 Reaction Mechanism
- Involves a backside attack of the nucleophile (hydroxide ion) on the alkyl halide (bromomethane)
- Formed a transition state with a pentacoordinate carbon atom
- Produced a product with an inverted stereochemistry
Alkyl Halide Reaction with Silver Nitrite
- Alkyl halide reacts with silver nitrite to form a nitrite ester
SN1 Reaction Mechanism
- Four silent features:
- Rate-determining step is the formation of the carbocation
- Carbocation is planar and sp² hybridized
- Molecules can rotate freely around the carbocation
- Nucleophile can attack the carbocation from either side
Electrophilic Substitution Reactions
Methyl Chloride with Anhydrous AlCl3
- Methyl chloride reacts with anhydrous AlCl3 in the presence of chlorobenzene to form a dichloromethane
Fuming H2SO4 with Chlorobenzene
- Fuming H2SO4 reacts with chlorobenzene to form a sulfonic acid
Test your knowledge on chemical reactions and reactions in Chemistry Class 12th Chapter 10. Questions cover topics like dehydrohalogenation reaction, CFC usage, and reactions with sodium metal. Challenge yourself with these important questions!
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