Chemistry Class 12 Chapter 1 Quiz: The Solid State
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Questions and Answers

Which type of solid has a definite and regular arrangement of the constituent particles in space?

  • Pseudo solid
  • Super cooled liquid
  • Amorphous solid
  • Crystalline solid (correct)

What is a characteristic of amorphous solids?

  • They undergo irregular cleavage when cut (correct)
  • They melt at sharp points
  • They have long order arrangement of particles
  • They have anisotropic physical properties

Which type of solid is isotropic in nature?

  • Crystalline solid
  • Pseudo solid
  • Amorphous solid (correct)
  • Super cooled liquid

What type of solids are super cooled liquids or pseudo solids?

<p>Amorphous solids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solid has short order arrangement of particles?

<p>Amorphous solid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes crystalline solids from amorphous solids?

<p>Sharp melting points (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation called that relates the path difference, wavelength, distance between atomic planes, and the angle at which interference occurs?

<p>Bragg's equation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a simple or primitive unit cell, where are the particles present?

<p>At the corners only (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the packing fraction for a primitive cubic unit cell?

<p>0.524 or 52.4% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many crystal systems are there based on interfacial angles and axes?

<p>7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'PF' represent in the context of crystal unit cells?

<p>Packing fraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the smallest geometrical portion of a crystal lattice that can be used as a repetitive unit to build up the whole crystal?

<p>Unit cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of unit cell are particles present at the corners as well as at the centre of each of six faces?

<p>Face centred unit cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a face centred cubic unit cell, how do atoms touch each other?

<p>Along face diagonal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are space lattices grouped on the basis of their symmetry?

<p>Bravais Lattices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines how many atoms touch each other in a unit cell for a given crystal system?

<p>Atomic packing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Crystalline Solid

A solid with a well-defined and repeating arrangement of particles in a three-dimensional structure.

Amorphous Solid

A solid with a disordered, irregular arrangement of particles. They lack a long-range order.

Bragg's Equation

The equation that relates the path difference of X-rays reflected from different planes of atoms in a crystal to the angle of incidence and wavelength. It is used to determine the structure of crystals.

Unit Cell

The smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice that can be used to build up the entire crystal structure. It represents the basic building block.

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Packing Fraction (PF)

The percentage of space occupied by atoms in a unit cell. It reflects how efficiently space is utilized in the crystal structure.

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Primitive Unit Cell

A unit cell where particles are located only at the corners of the cell.

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Face Centered Unit Cell (FCC)

A unit cell where particles are present at the corners as well as at the center of each face. It contributes to higher packing efficiency.

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Bravais Lattices

The arrangement of lattice points in space, classifying the symmetry of a crystal structure. There are 14 unique Bravais lattices.

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Isotropy

The characteristic of a material where its properties are the same in all directions. This is found in amorphous solids.

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Sharp Melting Point

The characteristic of a crystalline solid where it melts at a specific temperature. This sharp change occurs due to the ordered structure.

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Atomic Packing

The way atoms are arranged in a crystal structure, indicating which atoms touch each other. This determines the packing efficiency.

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Short-Range Order

A type of solid that has a short-range order, meaning that particles are arranged in a regular pattern over small distances, but not long distances. This is a characteristic of amorphous solids.

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Irregular Cleavage

A type of solid that cleaves irregularly when cut due to its disordered structure. The break pattern is unpredictable.

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Supercooled Liquid

A substance often described as a supercooled liquid or pseudo-solid. It possesses liquid-like properties despite being in a solid state. This applies to amorphous solids.

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