Chemistry Chapter: Periodic Table Overview

What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?

What are the vertical columns on the periodic table called?

Which of the following characteristics describe metals?

What does malleable mean?

What does ductile mean?

What group do Alkali Metals belong to?

What group do Alkali Earth Metals belong to?

What is the characteristic of Transition Metals?

What are Metalloids?

Which of the following is a property of Non-metals?

What group do Halogens belong to?

What group do Noble Gases belong to?

What characteristics belong to the Boron Family?

What characteristics belong to the Carbon Family?

What characteristics belong to the Nitrogen Family?

What characteristics belong to the Oxygen Family?

Where do Lanthanides and Actinides belong on the periodic table?

Periodic Table Overview

Periods are horizontal rows; same number of electron shells or energy levels.
Groups (or families) are vertical columns; elements share the same number of valence electrons.

Properties of Metals

Good conductors of electricity and heat.
Exhibits malleability, allowing them to be shaped easily.
Ductility enables them to be drawn into wires.
Usually solid at room temperature.

Alkali Metals

Located in Group 1A (excluding Hydrogen).
Each has one valence electron and forms +1 ions.

Alkali Earth Metals

Found in Group 2A.
Contains two valence electrons with a +2 ion charge when ionized.

Transition Metals

Represented by Group B elements.
Serve as a bridge between the left and right sections of the periodic table.

Metalloids and Non-metals

Metalloids display properties of both metals and non-metals.
Non-metals are generally brittle, dull, poor conductors, and exhibit lower melting and boiling points compared to metals.

Group-Specific Properties

Halogens (Group 7A) have seven valence electrons and form -1 ions.
Noble Gases (Group 8A) contain eight valence electrons and are chemically neutral.
Boron Family (Group 13/3A) has three valence electrons, forming +3 ions.
Carbon Family (Group 14/4A) possesses four valence electrons with charges of +4 or -4.
Nitrogen Family (Group 15/5A) has five valence electrons, forming -3 ions.
Oxygen Family (Group 16/6A) contains six valence electrons with -2 ion charge when ionized.

Lanthanides and Actinides

Special groups located in periods 6 and 7, respectively, consisting mostly of metals.

Test your knowledge of the periodic table in this quiz, which covers the organization of elements into periods and groups. Learn about the properties of metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, metalloids, and non-metals. Perfect for anyone looking to strengthen their understanding of chemistry concepts.