Chemistry Chapter on Lattice Energy

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What primarily determines the magnitude of lattice energy in ionic compounds?

The type of metal involved

The number of ions in the compound

The magnitudes of the charge and distance between the ions (correct)

The size of the ions

Which ionic compound has the highest lattice energy based on the provided data?

NaCl

LiF

MgO

ScN (correct)

If MgO has a lattice energy of 3890 kJ/mol, which of the following compounds would likely have a lower lattice energy?

CaO

LiI (correct)

LiF

Na2O

Which compound listed has a lattice energy closest to 800 kJ/mol?

NaCl Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the relationship between lattice energy and ionic compound stability?

Higher lattice energy indicates greater stability Signup and view all the answers

When comparing MgCl2 and NaCl, which compound will exhibit a greater lattice energy?

MgCl2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ionic solid compounds would most likely have a melting point above 2000 °C?

MgO Signup and view all the answers

Arrange MgO, CaO, and SrO in order of increasing lattice energy.

SrO, CaO, MgO Signup and view all the answers

What is the empirical formula of a compound consisting of 30.45% nitrogen and 69.55% oxygen by mass?

NO2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the molar mass of nitrogen used in the calculations?

14.01 g/mol Signup and view all the answers

In determining the molecular formula, what is the first step after finding the empirical formula?

Divide the molar mass by the empirical formula mass Signup and view all the answers

What mass of nitrogen is contained in a 100-g sample of the compound?

30.45 g Signup and view all the answers

What is the final molecular formula of the compound?

N2O4 Signup and view all the answers

What process is used to reduce the subscripts in the empirical formula?

Dividing by the smallest subscript Signup and view all the answers

What mass percentage of oxygen is present in the compound?

69.55% Signup and view all the answers

What is the empirical formula mass for NO2?

46.01 g/mol Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of percent composition by mass in a compound?

The list of the percent by mass of each element in a compound Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct calculation for the molar mass of lithium carbonate, Li2CO3?

(2 x 6.94 g) + (1 x 12.01 g) + (3 x 16.00 g) Signup and view all the answers

How is the empirical formula mass of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, obtained if using its empirical formula HO?

By summing the individual molecular weights of hydrogen and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the molar mass of oxygen when measured as O2?

32.00 g Signup and view all the answers

What does the molar mass of an element represent?

The mass in grams of one mole of atoms of that element Signup and view all the answers

How many moles of atomic oxygen are in 1 mole of O?

1 mole Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular mass of propane (C3H8)?

44.10 g/mol Signup and view all the answers

Which calculation would yield the percent composition of lithium in lithium carbonate, Li2CO3?

(6.94 g / 73.89 g) x 100% Signup and view all the answers

If air is approximately 21 percent oxygen by volume, what does this imply about the composition of air?

Air contains predominantly nitrogen with minor components. Signup and view all the answers

What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?

18.02 g/mol Signup and view all the answers

When calculating the empirical formula, what does the empirical formula represent?

The ratio of atoms in a molecule Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to convert an empirical formula into a molecular formula?

The molar mass of the compound Signup and view all the answers

How is the molecular mass of a compound determined?

By summing the molar masses of the constituent elements Signup and view all the answers

For every 2 moles of hydrogen that react, how many moles of O2 are required to produce water?

1 mole Signup and view all the answers

What mass corresponds to 0.905 moles of sodium chloride (NaCl), given that its molar mass is approximately 58.44 g/mol?

52.89 g Signup and view all the answers

How many water molecules are present in 3.26 g of water, considering its molar mass is approximately 18.02 g/mol?

0.18 moles Signup and view all the answers

How is a monatomic cation named?

By adding the word ion to the name of the element. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct name for the oxoanion that has one more oxygen atom than chlorate?

Perchlorate Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes how to name a monatomic anion?

Change the ending of the element’s name to -ide. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these describes an oxoacid derived from an –ite ion?

It produces one less hydrogen ion than the corresponding –ate acid. Signup and view all the answers

What is the systematic name for HClO2?

Chlorous acid Signup and view all the answers

What must be true about the overall charge of ionic compounds?

The sum of the charges must be zero. Signup and view all the answers

When naming ionic compounds, what is important to include if the cation can have more than one charge?

A Roman numeral indicating its charge must be used. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following oxoanions has two fewer oxygen atoms than the corresponding –ate ion?

Hypochlorite Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the ionic compound represented by the formula NaBr?

Sodium bromide Signup and view all the answers

Which oxoanion follows the naming convention due to having one less oxygen than the corresponding anion?

Chlorite Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a compound that includes a cation with a charge of +2?

CaO Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes polyprotic acids?

They can produce multiple hydrogen ions. Signup and view all the answers

In Lewis theory of bonding, which of the following is stated about compounds formed between non-metals?

Electrons are shared to achieve noble gas configuration. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the naming of acids based on –ate ions when dissolved in water?

They end with the suffix –ic. Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by the Roman numeral in iron(III) chloride?

The charge of the iron cation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of naming polyatomic ions derived from the same element?

Hypo…ite, –ite, –ate, Per…ate Signup and view all the answers