Chemistry Chapter on Ionic and Metallic Bonds

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What is the main reason a large difference in electronegativity causes the formation of an ionic bond?

Electrons are transferred from one atom to another. (correct)

Atoms repel each other.

Electrons are shared between atoms.

Atoms form covalent bonds.

Cations are negatively charged ions.

False

What is the chemical formula for calcium chloride?

CaCl₂

Sodium chloride is an example of a compound formed from a reactive metal, sodium, and a gas, __________.

chlorine Signup and view all the answers

Match the following compounds with their correct names:

Na₂CO₃ = Sodium carbonate NH₄C₂H₃O₂ = Ammonium acetate BaCl₂ = Barium chloride Mn(OH)₂ = Manganese(II) hydroxide Signup and view all the answers

Which element has an oxidation number of -2?

Oxygen (O) Signup and view all the answers

Noble gases benefit from forming compounds.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of Carbon (C)?

-4 Signup and view all the answers

The compound AlF₃ contains ______ atoms of Aluminum.

1 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics with their respective types of compounds:

Conducts electricity when dissolved in water = Ionic Small electronegativity difference = Covalent Electrons are transferred = Ionic Electrons are shared = Covalent Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds has the formula Au₂(CO₃)₃?

Gold (III) carbonate Signup and view all the answers

In metallic bonds, electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name an example of an alloy and its component metals.

Bronze, which is made of copper and tin. Signup and view all the answers

The diatomic element Br₂ is in the state of __________.

liquid Signup and view all the answers

Match the following properties to their descriptions related to metallic bonds:

Malleability = Ability to be hammered into thin sheets Luster = Shiny appearance Ductility = Ability to be drawn into wires High melting/boiling point = Required energy to change state is high Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a polar molecule?

It has partial charges in different locations Signup and view all the answers

Ionic bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons between nonmetals.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is an alloy?

A solution of two or more metals mixed together. Signup and view all the answers

An __________ is formed from losing electrons and has a positive charge.

cation Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Electronegativity = Ability of an atom to attract electrons Molecule = Two or more covalently bonded elements Covalent Bond = Sharing of electrons between nonmetals Ion = Atom or group of atoms with an electric charge Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a crystal lattice structure?

Cations and anions are arranged in a repeating pattern Signup and view all the answers

Diatomic elements consist of two different atoms.

False Signup and view all the answers

Define the octet rule.

Atoms will do anything to have 8 valence electrons. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a polar covalent bond?

HCl Signup and view all the answers

A double bond involves the sharing of three pairs of electrons.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does VSEPR theory stand for and why is it important in drawing Lewis diagrams?

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion; it helps predict molecular geometry and bond angles. Signup and view all the answers

In a _______ bond, the electrons are shared equally between atoms.

nonpolar covalent Signup and view all the answers

Match the following molecules with their corresponding bond type:

H₂ = Nonpolar covalent bond N≡N = Triple bond O=O = Double bond H-H = Single bond Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical formula corresponds to nitrogen trihydride?

NH3 Signup and view all the answers

Diphosphorus trisulfide has the chemical formula P3S2.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the molecule H2S?

Bent Signup and view all the answers

The VSEPR theory helps predict the _____ of a molecule based on electron pair repulsion.

shape Signup and view all the answers

Match the acids with their correct names:

HC2H3O2 = Nitrous acid HNO2 = Acetic acid HNO3 = Hydrobromic acid HBr = Nitric acid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes intramolecular forces?

Forces that hold atoms together within a molecule Signup and view all the answers

Covalent bonds are generally associated with high melting and boiling points.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement 'bonding is a spectrum' imply about chemical bonds?

Chemical bonds can vary from ionic to covalent, indicating a range of bond characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

A chemical formula for an ionic compound shows the ratio of ________.

ions Signup and view all the answers

Match the following bond types with their corresponding characteristics:

Covalent Bonds = Usually a bad conductor Ionic Bonds = Good conductor in solid state Covalent Compounds = Soft Ionic Compounds = Hard and brittle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following properties is true for ionic compounds?

They have high boiling points. Signup and view all the answers

Covalent compounds are well-known for being hard and brittle.

False Signup and view all the answers

Explain the main difference between a chemical formula for an ionic compound and a covalent compound.

An ionic compound formula shows the ratio of ions, while a covalent compound formula indicates the composition of the molecule. Signup and view all the answers

Ionic compounds are typically good conductors when in ________ state.

aqueous Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the physical property of covalent compounds?

Poor electrical conductivity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules is an example of a polar molecule?

Water (H₂O) Signup and view all the answers

Nonpolar molecules cannot exhibit any intermolecular forces.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of intermolecular forces ranked from strongest to weakest?

Hydrogen bonding, Dipole-dipole forces, London Dispersion Forces Signup and view all the answers

The permanent dipoles in polar molecules create _____ intermolecular forces compared to nonpolar molecules.

stronger Signup and view all the answers

Match the following substances with their dominant intermolecular forces:

H₂O = Hydrogen bonding CO₂ = London Dispersion Forces HI = Dipole-Dipole Fe₂O₃ = Ionic bonding Signup and view all the answers

What factor can lead to nonpolar molecules exhibiting temporary interactions?

Fluctuations in electron distribution Signup and view all the answers

A molecule with a _____ geometry may still be polar if the bond polarities do not cancel out due to symmetry.

bent Signup and view all the answers

London Dispersion Forces are the strongest type of intermolecular force.

False Signup and view all the answers

Chemistry Chapter on Ionic and Metallic Bonds

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason a large difference in electronegativity causes the formation of an ionic bond?

Cations are negatively charged ions.

What is the chemical formula for calcium chloride?

Sodium chloride is an example of a compound formed from a reactive metal, sodium, and a gas, __________.

Match the following compounds with their correct names:

Which element has an oxidation number of -2?

Noble gases benefit from forming compounds.

What is the oxidation number of Carbon (C)?

The compound AlF₃ contains ______ atoms of Aluminum.

Match the following characteristics with their respective types of compounds:

Which of the following compounds has the formula Au₂(CO₃)₃?

In metallic bonds, electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

Name an example of an alloy and its component metals.

The diatomic element Br₂ is in the state of __________.

Match the following properties to their descriptions related to metallic bonds:

What is the main characteristic of a polar molecule?

Ionic bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons between nonmetals.

What is an alloy?

An __________ is formed from losing electrons and has a positive charge.

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Which of the following describes a crystal lattice structure?

Diatomic elements consist of two different atoms.

Define the octet rule.

Which of the following represents a polar covalent bond?

A double bond involves the sharing of three pairs of electrons.

What does VSEPR theory stand for and why is it important in drawing Lewis diagrams?

In a _______ bond, the electrons are shared equally between atoms.

Match the following molecules with their corresponding bond type:

Which chemical formula corresponds to nitrogen trihydride?

Diphosphorus trisulfide has the chemical formula P3S2.

What is the shape of the molecule H2S?

The VSEPR theory helps predict the _____ of a molecule based on electron pair repulsion.

Match the acids with their correct names:

Which of the following correctly describes intramolecular forces?

Covalent bonds are generally associated with high melting and boiling points.

What does the statement 'bonding is a spectrum' imply about chemical bonds?

A chemical formula for an ionic compound shows the ratio of ________.

Match the following bond types with their corresponding characteristics:

Which of the following properties is true for ionic compounds?

Covalent compounds are well-known for being hard and brittle.

Explain the main difference between a chemical formula for an ionic compound and a covalent compound.

Ionic compounds are typically good conductors when in ________ state.

Which of the following correctly describes the physical property of covalent compounds?

Which of the following molecules is an example of a polar molecule?

Nonpolar molecules cannot exhibit any intermolecular forces.

What are the three types of intermolecular forces ranked from strongest to weakest?

The permanent dipoles in polar molecules create _____ intermolecular forces compared to nonpolar molecules.

Match the following substances with their dominant intermolecular forces:

What factor can lead to nonpolar molecules exhibiting temporary interactions?

A molecule with a _____ geometry may still be polar if the bond polarities do not cancel out due to symmetry.

London Dispersion Forces are the strongest type of intermolecular force.

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