Questions and Answers
What is the net charge of a halide ion?
-1
When a halide ion takes part in a redox reaction, what happens to the halide ion?
oxidised
What kind of agent is a halide ion when it takes place in a redox reaction?
reducing agent
What factor dictates how well a halide ion can lose an electron?
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As you go down the group for halide ions, does the attraction increase between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons?
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Describe the trend in reducing power down group 7.
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Why does the reducing power increase down group 7?
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Which halide has a greater reducing power, fluorine or chlorine?
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What acid can you react with a halide to get a hydrogen halide?
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How do you test for halides?
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What colour is nitric acid and silver nitrate?
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Why can't you use hydrochloric acid for the halide test?
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Formula for halide test
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What colour is the positive test for iodide when nitric acid and silver nitrate are added to the solution?
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What colour is the positive test for bromide when nitric acid and silver nitrate are added to the solution?
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What colour is the positive test for chloride when nitric acid and silver nitrate are added to the solution?
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How can you test for halides further?
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What does chloride precipitate dissolve in?
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What does bromide precipitate dissolve in?
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What does iodide precipitate dissolve in?
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Study Notes
Halide Ions Overview
- Halide ions carry a net charge of -1.
Redox Reactions
- In redox reactions, halide ions get oxidized.
- Halide ions function as reducing agents during these reactions.
Electron Loss Factors
- The ability of a halide ion to lose an electron is influenced by the strength of electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and outer shell electrons.
Group 7 Trends
- As you move down Group 7, the attraction between the nucleus and outer shell electrons weakens, resulting in an increase in reducing power.
- This increase is due to greater shielding from inner electrons.
Comparison of Halides
- Chlorine has a greater reducing power than fluorine.
Halide Reactions
- Concentrated sulfuric acid can react with a halide ion, producing a hydrogen halide.
Testing for Halides
- To test for halides, use nitric acid followed by silver nitrate.
- Both nitric acid and silver nitrate solutions are initially colorless.
Avoiding Contamination
- Hydrochloric acid cannot be used in halide tests as it contains chloride ions.
Positive Test Results
- Positive test colors:
- Iodide: Yellow
- Bromide: Cream
- Chloride: White
Additional Testing Methods
- To further test for halides, add ammonia to the solution and check for solubility.
- Chloride precipitate dissolves in dilute NH3.
- Bromide precipitate dissolves in concentrated NH3.
- Iodide precipitate is insoluble in concentrated NH3.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of halide ions and their role in redox reactions. This quiz covers their properties, trends within Group 7, and methods for testing halides. Test your knowledge on halide reactions and reducing agents related to electrochemistry.
