Chemistry Chapter: Ionic Bonds and Acids

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What happens to an atom when it becomes a positive ion?

It shares electrons.
It gains electrons.
It gains protons.
It loses electrons. (correct)

The octet rule states that atoms prefer to have seven electrons in their outer shell.

False (B)

What is the charge of a sodium ion that has lost one electron?

Na+

An atom that gains an electron becomes a __________ ion.

negative Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elements with the type of ion they would form when they lose electrons:

Sodium = Na+ Magnesium = Mg2+ Calcium = Ca2+ Aluminum = Al3+ Signup and view all the answers

How many valence electrons does chlorine (Cl) have?

7 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Sodium (Na) has more protons than chlorine (Cl).

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding occurs when sodium and chlorine atoms interact?

ionic bonding Signup and view all the answers

Sodium (Na) has a total of ______ protons and electrons.

11 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elements with their respective groups in the periodic table:

Sodium = Group 1 Chlorine = Group 7 Magnesium = Group 2 Oxygen = Group 6 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is classified as a strong acid?

Hydrochloric acid (B) Signup and view all the answers

Salts do not conduct electricity when dissolved in water.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of a base?

7.1 - 14 Signup and view all the answers

An acid typically has a _____ taste.

sour Signup and view all the answers

Match the following properties with their corresponding compounds:

Sour taste = Acid Bitter taste = Base Electrical conductivity = Salt No color change with phenolphthalein = Acid Signup and view all the answers

What is an electrolyte?

A pure substance that conducts electricity (D) Signup and view all the answers

Electrolytic dissociation involves breaking down molecules into their constituent ions.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Provide an example of an electrolyte and its ions when dissociated.

NaCl → Na⁺ + Cl⁻ Signup and view all the answers

During electrolytic dissociation, a pure substance is broken down into _ ions and _ ions.

positive, negative Signup and view all the answers

Match the following electrolytes with their dissociated ions:

NaCl = Na⁺ and Cl⁻ KBr = K⁺ and Br⁻ MgO = Mg²⁺ and O²⁻ CaCl₂ = Ca²⁺ and 2 Cl⁻ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a property of electrolytes?

Odor (A) Signup and view all the answers

Electrolytes can dissociate into ions when dissolved in water.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What ions are produced when HCl dissociates?

H+ and Cl− Signup and view all the answers

When an electrolyte is dissolved in water, it produces and .

cations, anions Signup and view all the answers

Match the following electrolyte properties with their descriptions:

Taste = Can be salty or sour Electrical Conductivity = Ability to conduct electricity Reaction with Litmus Paper = Indicates acidic or basic nature pH = Measure of acidity or alkalinity Signup and view all the answers

Valence Electrons

The outermost electrons in an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Electrolyte

A pure substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water.