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Questions and Answers
What is the term used to refer to the measurement of radiation intensity as a function of wavelength?
In Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), what is responsible for the absorption of radiation?
What type of spectroscopy involves the absorption of heat followed by the emission of radiation?
Which spectroscopic method is known for atomic spectra consisting of pure electronic transitions displayed as sharp, narrow lines?
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In Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES), what happens to the Na atom in the flame?
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What is the purpose of a λ Selector in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)?
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Which type of spectroscopy involves the excitation of Na atoms by Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR)?
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What component is responsible for displaying oscillations at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation in Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR)?
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In Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy (AFS), what happens after Na atoms absorb radiation?
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What is the main difference between Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES)?
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Study Notes
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
- The equation for absorbance (A) is: A = -logT = -log(0.65) = 0.187
- The concentration of unknown solution can be calculated using Beer's Law: A = εbc = -logT
Processes Occurring During Atomization
- Five types of processes occur during atomization: atomization, dissociation, volatilization, desolvation, and nebulization
- Examples of these processes include:
- Na(g) formation from NaCl(g) through dissociation
- Volatilization of solid NaCl to form NaCl(g)
- Desolvation of NaCl solution to form Na+ and Cl- ions
- Nebulization of solution to create aerosol
Types of Chemical Species in the Flame
- Four types of chemical species exist in the flame: atoms, excited atoms, ions, and molecules
- Examples of these species include:
- Na(g) (atoms)
- Na*(g) (excited atoms)
- Na+(g) (ions)
- NaCl(g) and metal oxides (molecules)
Selection of Flame Type
- The type of flame used depends on the volatilization temperature of the atom of interest
- Regions of the flame include: primary combustion zone, secondary combustion zone, and interzonal region
Atomic Line Spectrum
- Spectral lines are due to electronic transitions of an outer shell electron to an excited state
- The energy level diagram for atoms shows electronic energy levels
- Examples of atomic line spectra include:
- Emission spectrum at 589 nm
- Absorption spectrum at 330 nm
Molecular Spectra
- Molecular spectra can be obtained due to molecular rotations, molecular vibrations, and electronic states
- Energy level diagrams for molecules show electronic energy levels, vibrational energy levels, and rotational energy levels
- Examples of molecular spectra include:
- Emission spectra
- Absorption spectra
Beer's Law
- The equation for Beer's Law is: A = εbc = -logT
- Where A is absorbance, ε is molar absorptivity, b is path length, and c is concentration
Spectroscopy and Spectrometry
- Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and radiation
- Spectrometry is the measurement of radiation intensity as a function of wavelength
- Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is a self-propagating wave with electric and magnetic components
Common Spectroscopic Methods
- Common spectroscopic methods include:
- UV-VIS Spectroscopy
- Fluorescence Spectroscopy
- Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
- Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES)
- Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy (AFS)
Types of Atomic Spectroscopy
- There are three types of atomic spectroscopy:
- Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)
- Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES)
- Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy (AFS)
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge on the principles and techniques of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with this quiz. Questions cover topics such as Flame Atomization, Electrothermal Atomization, Hollow Cathode Lamp, and Acetylene Readout. Prepared by Prof. Dr. Idrees Al-Momani from the Chemistry Department at Yarmouk University.
