Questions and Answers
Describe two ways atoms can become excited.
Atoms can become excited through collisions with other atoms or electrons or by absorbing a photon.
Which energy transition requires the greatest amount of energy for an electron in a helium atom?
Which energy transition requires the least amount of energy for an electron in a helium atom?
When an electron returns to its original energy level, which transition emits a photon of higher frequency?
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What kind of spectrum does a neon light produce?
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What kind of spectrum does a hot, dense object that is surrounded by a cooler gas produce?
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What kind of spectrum does a hot, dense object produce?
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What kind of spectrum does a hot, low-density gas produce?
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How do astronomers know if there is sodium on the Sun?
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Study Notes
Energy Excitation of Atoms
- Atoms gain energy through collisions with other atoms or electrons.
- Photon absorption is another method for atoms to become excited energetically.
Helium Atom Energy Transitions
- Transition from the first to the fourth energy level requires the greatest energy.
- Transition from the first to the second energy level requires the least energy.
- Returning from the fourth to the first energy level emits a photon with the highest frequency.
- Transitioning from the second to the first energy level emits a photon with the lowest frequency.
Spectra Produced by Neon Lights
- Neon lights create an emission spectrum due to low-density neon gas ignited by electric current.
Spectra from Hot Dense Objects
- A hot, dense object surrounded by cooler gas produces an absorption spectrum, as per Kirchhoff's rule III.
Continuous Spectrum from Dense Objects
- A hot, dense object alone generates a continuous spectrum, according to Kirchhoff's rule I.
Emission Spectrum from Low-Density Gas
- A hot, low-density gas produces an emission spectrum, in accordance with Kirchhoff's rule II.
Astronomical Identification of Elements
- Astronomers determine the presence of elements like sodium on the Sun by comparing its spectral lines to known spectra on Earth.
- Each element has a unique spectral signature, aiding in the identification of various elements in celestial bodies.
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Description
This set of flashcards focuses on key concepts from Chapter 6 of Chemistry. It covers how atoms gain energy and discusses energy levels in helium atoms. Use these flashcards to test your understanding of atomic structure and energy transitions.