Chemistry Chapter 5 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following correctly defines mass?

  • The volume occupied by an object.
  • The weight of an object in a vacuum.
  • Measurement of how gravity affects an object.
  • Total amount of matter in an object. (correct)

What constitutes a chemical change?

  • The process of freezing a liquid.
  • A change in the physical appearance of a substance.
  • When one chemical is added to another resulting in a new product. (correct)
  • When a solid dissolves in a liquid.

What is found in the bubbles produced during the reaction between baking soda and vinegar?

  • Nitrogen
  • Carbon dioxide (correct)
  • Oxygen
  • Hydrogen

What differentiates reactants from products in a chemical reaction?

<p>Reactants are altered during the reaction to create products. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT have mass?

<p>Gravity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the nature of the reactants in the equation CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O?

<p>Both reactants are gases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many atoms of oxygen are there in the chemical formula for iron oxide (Fe₂O₃)?

<p>Three atoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Law of Conservation of Matter imply about a physical change such as ice melting?

<p>The mass stays the same. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the movement of molecules in gases compared to solids?

<p>Molecules in gases move freely and are far apart. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many different chemical symbols are provided for elements in the content?

<p>Five symbols (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

<p>The number of protons in the nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about density is true?

<p>Density can be calculated using the formula density = mass / volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which categories represent the three main types of elements on the periodic table?

<p>Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the density of copper if a cube of copper is cut in half?

<p>It remains the same as the original cube (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct method to determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object?

<p>Water displacement method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an endothermic reaction?

<p>It absorbs energy from the surroundings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines a compound?

<p>A substance made of two or more different elements chemically bonded. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a pure substance?

<p>It contains only one type of particle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements describes a mixture?

<p>It includes substances not chemically bonded. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you distinguish between an element and a compound?

<p>An element consists of only one type of atom, while a compound consists of two or more different elements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atom

The smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.

Chemical Change

A change in the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in a new substance.

Physical Change

A change in the physical properties of a substance without altering its chemical composition.

Reactants

The substances that react in a chemical reaction.

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Products

The substances that are produced as a result of a chemical reaction.

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Atomic Number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

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Atomic Mass Number

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

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How are elements arranged on the Periodic Table?

Elements on the Periodic Table are arranged by increasing atomic number, from top to bottom and left to right.

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What is Density?

Dense materials pack more mass into a smaller space. Density is calculated by dividing mass by volume.

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Does cutting a material in half change its density?

Cutting a piece of material in half does not change its density. It remains constant.

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What are reactants?

In a chemical equation, the substances that react and are present at the beginning of the chemical reaction.

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What are products?

In a chemical equation, the substances that are formed as a result of the reaction.

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What does it mean for a chemical equation to be balanced?

A chemical equation is balanced when the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side is the same as the number of atoms of that element on the product side.

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What is the Law of Conservation of Matter?

The Law of Conservation of Matter states that in a closed system, matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

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What are the states of matter and how do they differ?

The states of matter are solid, liquid and gas. Solids have fixed positions, liquids move around each other, and gas molecules move freely.

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Endothermic Reaction

A reaction where energy is absorbed from the surroundings, causing a decrease in temperature. Think of melting ice - it requires energy to break the bonds holding it together.

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Exothermic Reaction

A reaction where energy is released into the surroundings, causing an increase in temperature. Think of burning wood - it releases energy as heat and light.

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Element

A pure substance made up of only one type of atom. Examples include carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

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Compound

A pure substance made up of two or more types of atoms chemically bonded together. Examples include water (H2O) and salt (NaCl).

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Mixture

A mixture contains two or more substances that are not chemically bonded and can be separated easily. Examples include sand and water, or air.

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