Chemistry Chapter 3 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the name of H2SO3?

Hydrogen sulfite

What is the formula for the binary compound of barium and fluoride?

BaF2

Which of the following does not exist as a diatomic molecule?

  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Sulfur (correct)
  • Fluorine

    • Which element is most likely to form an ionic compound with K?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is the most polar bond?

    <p>B-O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element has the highest electronegativity?

    <p>Cl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Order the following bonds from the most to the least ionic character: OC, HN, NC.

    <p>OC, HN, NC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the polyatomic ion, sulfate?

    <p>SO4 -2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species is not planar?

    <p>NO3 -1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of NH4+?

    <p>Tetrahedral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for manganese dioxide?

    <p>MnO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of SO3?

    <p>Sulfur trioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of NH3?

    <p>Ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is electronegativity?

    <p>The ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself in a chemical bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the ionic compound among the following:

    <p>AlCl3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a polar molecule?

    <p>H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall polarity of methane?

    <p>Nonpolar covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when a molecule is said to be polar?

    <p>One end of the molecule is slightly negative while the other end is slightly positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shape of a water molecule is?

    <p>Bent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Intermolecular forces are forces _____

    <p>Between molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a polar molecule?

    <p>H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predicted bond angle for a molecule with a trigonal planar electron-pair geometry?

    <p>120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron pair geometry for a molecule with three electron pairs around the central atom?

    <p>Trigonal planar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules dissolves in water?

    <p>CH3OH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species is not planar?

    <p>NH3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the ionic compound formed between calcium and sulfur?

    <p>CaS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for potassium dichromate?

    <p>K2Cr2O7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A covalent bond formed when two atoms share a total of 6 electrons between them is a _____ bond.

    <p>Triple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is most likely to form three covalent bonds?

    <p>N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a Lewis structure, the electrons that complete an element's octet, but are not located between two atoms are referred to as?

    <p>Lone pair electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name of the covalent molecule PF5?

    <p>Phosphorus pentafluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound if allowed to react together?

    <p>K and Br</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The formula Ca(NO3)2 tells us that one unit of this compound is composed of _____ calcium atom(s), _____ nitrogen atom(s), and _____ oxygen atom(s).

    <p>1, 2, 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the binary compound of barium and fluorine?

    <p>BaF2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the polyatomic ion, sulfate?

    <p>SO4 -2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for manganese dioxide?

    <p>MnO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for SO3?

    <p>Sulfite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The atoms in a covalent compound are bonded by?

    <p>Shared valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct chemical formula for potassium nitrite?

    <p>KNO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the compound containing rhinos Ca +2 and Br-?

    <p>CaBr2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the compound containing the ions Mg +2 and N -3?

    <p>Mg3N2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correctly written formula for strontium chloride?

    <p>SrCl2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correctly written formula for sodium oxide?

    <p>Na2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for tin(IV) chromate?

    <p>Sn(CrO4)2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for copper (II) oxide?

    <p>Cu2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name for the formula Cl2O?

    <p>Dichlorine monoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for the compound N2O5?

    <p>Dinitrogen pentoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for the compound Ca3N2?

    <p>Calcium nitride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for the compound Ca3(PO4)2?

    <p>Calcium phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for the compound CuCO3?

    <p>Copper(II) carbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemical Names and Formulas

    • Sulfur trioxide (SO3): The corresponding name for H2SO3 is hydrogen sulfite.
    • Barium and fluoride: The binary compound formula is BaF2.
    • Ionic compound example: AlCl3 represents an ionic compound.
    • Calcium and sulfur: The formula for the ionic compound is CaS.

    Molecular Geometry and Polarity

    • Bond characteristics: The most polar bond listed is B-O.
    • NH4+: The molecular shape is tetrahedral.
    • Water (H2O): The shape of the water molecule is bent, making it a polar molecule.
    • Methane (CH4): Exhibits nonpolar covalent character.

    Electronegativity and Bonding

    • Electronegativity definition: Ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond, with chlorine (Cl) being the most electronegative element.
    • Ionic character order: Based on ionic character from highest to lowest is OC, HN, NC.
    • Covalent bonds: A triple bond occurs when two atoms share a total of 6 electrons.

    Polar and Nonpolar Molecules

    • Polar molecules: Include H2O and CH3Cl, characterized by uneven charge distributions.
    • Non-planar species: NH3 is not planar due to its pyramidal shape, while NO3 -1 is also identified as non-planar.

    Common Polyatomic Ions and Compounds

    • Sulfate ion: The formula for sulfate is SO4 -2.
    • Potassium dichromate: Correctly written as K2Cr2O7.
    • Manganese dioxide: Represented by the formula MnO2.

    Lewis Structures and Electron Configuration

    • Lone pair electrons: These are electrons that complete an element's octet but do not participate in bonding.
    • Trigonal planar geometry: Seen in molecules with three electron pairs around the central atom, predicting bonds with a 120-degree angle.

    Naming Compounds

    • Dichlorine monoxide: Represents Cl2O.
    • Dinitrogen pentoxide: Corresponds to N2O5.
    • Calcium phosphate: The name for Ca3(PO4)2.
    • Copper(1) carbonate: The designation for CuCO3.

    General Knowledge on Bonds

    • Intermolecular forces: Defined as forces existing between molecules, influencing physical properties such as boiling and melting points.
    • Covalent bonding: Achieved through shared valence electrons between atoms.

    Elemental Properties and Reactivity

    • Non-diatomic elements: Sulfur does not exist as a diatomic molecule.
    • Reactivity with potassium (K): Oxygen is most likely to form ionic compounds when reacted with potassium.
    • Element most likely to form three covalent bonds: Nitrogen (N).

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    Test your knowledge of important concepts in Chemistry Chapter 3 through these flashcards. This quiz covers chemical names, formulas of compounds, and molecular structures. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of chemistry principles.

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