Chemistry Chapter 12 Flashcards

A measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow, which is affected by the size and shape of particles, and generally increases as the temperature decreases and as intermolecular forces increase.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Viscosity, surface tension, cohesion, and adhesion.

<p>By their shape and composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When energy is added or removed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure is equal to the external or atmospheric pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy-releasing process by which a gas or vapor becomes a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy-releasing process by which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a solid without first becoming a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process in which vaporization occurs only at the surface of a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The temperature at which a liquid is converted into a crystalline solid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature at which forces holding the crystal lattice together are broken and it becomes a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows which phase a substance exists in under different conditions of temperature and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The point on the phase diagram representing the temperature and pressure at which the three phases of a substance can exist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy-requiring process by which a liquid changes to a gas or vapor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When they coexist as physically distinct parts of a mixture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During phase changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One of two or more forms of an element with different structures and properties when they are in the same state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A solid in which particles are not arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in an orderly, geometric, 3D structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A compound, such as soap, that lowers the surface tension of water by disrupting hydrogen bonds between water molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smallest arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice that has the same symmetry as the whole crystal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forces that include dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The attractions between oppositely charged regions of polar molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intermolecular forces between temporary dipoles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A strong dipole-dipole attraction between molecules that contain a hydrogen atom bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intramolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The kinetic-molecular theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are in a low-density state consisting of tiny, constantly moving particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atmosphere (atm).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers