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Questions and Answers
Reactants -----> ?
Reactants -----> ?
Do reactants and products have the same properties?
Do reactants and products have the same properties?
False
What are clues that a chemical change has occurred?
What are clues that a chemical change has occurred?
Change in color or odor, formation of precipitate, formation of a gas, change in energy.
________ represent chemical reactions.
________ represent chemical reactions.
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What are ways to write chemical equations?
What are ways to write chemical equations?
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What is a skeleton equation?
What is a skeleton equation?
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What is the law of conservation of mass?
What is the law of conservation of mass?
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What is a catalyst?
What is a catalyst?
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What are enzymes?
What are enzymes?
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What does the yield sign (---->) represent in a chemical reaction?
What does the yield sign (---->) represent in a chemical reaction?
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What are the steps to balance a chemical reaction?
What are the steps to balance a chemical reaction?
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When balancing chemical equations, can you change the subscripts?
When balancing chemical equations, can you change the subscripts?
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What are coefficients?
What are coefficients?
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What are the 5 basic types of chemical reactions?
What are the 5 basic types of chemical reactions?
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What characterizes a combination/synthesis reaction?
What characterizes a combination/synthesis reaction?
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What characterizes a decomposition reaction?
What characterizes a decomposition reaction?
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What is the general format for a single replacement reaction?
What is the general format for a single replacement reaction?
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What is the format for a double replacement reaction?
What is the format for a double replacement reaction?
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What is required for a combustion reaction?
What is required for a combustion reaction?
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What are the products of the combustion of a hydrocarbon?
What are the products of the combustion of a hydrocarbon?
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What indicates that a product may precipitate in a double replacement reaction?
What indicates that a product may precipitate in a double replacement reaction?
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If something is soluble, you write ___.
If something is soluble, you write ___.
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If something is insoluble, you write ___.
If something is insoluble, you write ___.
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What does S, I, and sS represent on the solubility table?
What does S, I, and sS represent on the solubility table?
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When predicting products, what do you carry over to the products side?
When predicting products, what do you carry over to the products side?
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A chemical reaction can be represented by a chemical ______.
A chemical reaction can be represented by a chemical ______.
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The substances that undergo a chemical change are the ______.
The substances that undergo a chemical change are the ______.
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The new substances formed in a chemical reaction are the ______.
The new substances formed in a chemical reaction are the ______.
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In accordance with the law of conservation of ______, a chemical equation must be balanced.
In accordance with the law of conservation of ______, a chemical equation must be balanced.
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When balancing an equation, you place ______ in front of reactants and products.
When balancing an equation, you place ______ in front of reactants and products.
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An equation must never be balanced by changing the ______ in the chemical formula.
An equation must never be balanced by changing the ______ in the chemical formula.
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What is the special symbol for liquid?
What is the special symbol for liquid?
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What is the special symbol for solid?
What is the special symbol for solid?
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What is the special symbol for gas?
What is the special symbol for gas?
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If a ________ is used to increase the rate of a chemical reaction, its formula is written above the arrow.
If a ________ is used to increase the rate of a chemical reaction, its formula is written above the arrow.
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In an equation, a substance is shown to be in the gaseous state by placing an upward-pointing arrow after its formula.
In an equation, a substance is shown to be in the gaseous state by placing an upward-pointing arrow after its formula.
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The symbol Δ placed over the arrow in an equation means that heat is supplied to the reaction.
The symbol Δ placed over the arrow in an equation means that heat is supplied to the reaction.
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Atoms are destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Atoms are destroyed in a chemical reaction.
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A skeleton equation is always unbalanced.
A skeleton equation is always unbalanced.
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It is possible to ______ the products of some chemical reactions.
It is possible to ______ the products of some chemical reactions.
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In a _____ reaction, the reactants are two or more _____ and/or compounds that produce a ______ product.
In a _____ reaction, the reactants are two or more _____ and/or compounds that produce a ______ product.
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In a ______ reaction, a single compound is broken down into two or more simpler substances.
In a ______ reaction, a single compound is broken down into two or more simpler substances.
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In a _____ reaction, the reactants and products include an element and a compound.
In a _____ reaction, the reactants and products include an element and a compound.
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The ___ can be used to predict whether most single-replacement reactions will take place.
The ___ can be used to predict whether most single-replacement reactions will take place.
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A ______ reaction involves the exchange of ions between two ionic compounds in ______ solution.
A ______ reaction involves the exchange of ions between two ionic compounds in ______ solution.
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One of the reactants in a combustion reaction is ______.
One of the reactants in a combustion reaction is ______.
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The products of the complete combustion of hydrocarbon are ______ and ______.
The products of the complete combustion of hydrocarbon are ______ and ______.
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In a decomposition reaction, there is a single reactant.
In a decomposition reaction, there is a single reactant.
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The activity series of metals can sometimes be used to predict products in double-replacement reactions.
The activity series of metals can sometimes be used to predict products in double-replacement reactions.
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Study Notes
Chemical Reactions Overview
- Reactants are transformed into products during a chemical reaction.
- Properties of products differ from those of reactants.
Indicators of Chemical Change
- Change in color or odor can signal a reaction.
- Formation of a precipitate indicates that a solid has formed from a solution.
- Production of gas is a common sign of a chemical change.
- Changes in energy, such as temperature increase or decrease, may occur.
Chemical Equations
- Chemical equations represent chemical reactions.
- Can be expressed in word form (e.g., hydrogen + oxygen → water) or with chemical symbols (e.g., H2 + O2 → H2O).
- A skeleton equation is an unbalanced representation of a reaction.
Law of Conservation of Mass
- Mass of reactants equals mass of products; the number of each atom must be the same on both sides of the equation.
Catalysts
- Catalysts speed up chemical reactions without being consumed; enzymes are biological catalysts.
Balancing Chemical Reactions
- To balance equations, count atoms on both sides and adjust coefficients, not subscripts.
- Coefficients are small whole numbers placed before formulas to ensure equal atom numbers.
Types of Chemical Reactions
- Combination/Synthesis: Two or more reactants form one product (e.g., 2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O).
- Decomposition: A single compound breaks into simpler substances (e.g., 2 HI → H2 + I2).
- Single Replacement: An element replaces another in a compound (e.g., Zn + Cu(NO3)2 → Cu + Zn(NO3)2).
- Double Replacement: Exchange of ions between two ionic compounds in solution (e.g., CaBr2 + 2 AgNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2 AgBr).
- Combustion: A reaction that involves oxygen, producing CO2 and H2O from hydrocarbons (e.g., CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O).
Solubility in Reactions
- For double replacement reactions, one product must be insoluble, a gas, or water to proceed.
- Soluble substances are denoted as (aq) and insoluble as (s).
Predicting Reaction Products
- Carry over subscripts only from polyatomic ions when predicting products.
- Recognizing types of reactions helps in predicting their products.
Symbols in Chemical Equations
- Liquid, solid, and gas states are represented as (l), (s), and (g) respectively.
- Δ above the yield sign indicates that heat is supplied in the reaction.
Fundamental Concepts
- Atoms are conserved in chemical reactions; they are not destroyed.
- A skeleton equation can be balanced under certain conditions.
- The activity series is crucial for predicting outcomes of single replacement reactions.
Examination Statements
- Balancing equations requires coefficients; never modify subscripts as it alters substance identity.
- True statements include that combustion reactions require oxygen and that the products of hydrocarbon combustion are CO2 and H2O.
- The activity series assists in predicting whether single-replacement reactions will occur.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore key concepts from Chapter 11 on chemical reactions through interactive flashcards. Learn about the difference between reactants and products, and identify signs of chemical changes. This quiz will help solidify your understanding of essential chemistry principles.
