Chemistry Chapter 10 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for CCl2F2?

Answer varies (depends on the drawing)

What is the Lewis dot structure for H2O?

Answer varies (depends on the drawing)

What is the Lewis dot structure for OF2?

Answer varies (depends on the drawing)

What is the Lewis dot structure for SOCl2?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for CO?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for O3?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of formal charge?

<p>The charge an atom would have if all electrons were shared equally from covalent bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sum of the formal charges for a molecule must equal its _________.

<p>overall charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for CO3^2-?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory?

<p>Valence electron pairs repel one another, predicting the shapes of molecules from their Lewis dot structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a bond angle?

<p>The angle formed by the nuclei of two surrounding atoms with the nucleus of the central atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are nonbonding lone pairs?

<p>A lone pair that repels bonding pairs more strongly than bonding pairs repel each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are double bonds?

<p>A bond with greater electron density than a single bond, repelling single bond electrons more.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for HCN?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for SO2?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for SO3?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for ClO3^-?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for ClO4^-?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for XeF2?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Lewis dot structure for ICl4^-?

<p>Answer varies (depends on the drawing)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a molecule have to be polar?

<p>Contain at least one polar covalent bond and contain bond dipoles that do not fully cancel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When will molecules containing polar bonds be nonpolar?

<p>If all electron groups are bonding groups and all surrounding atoms are the same element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are exceptions that are also nonpolar?

<p>Trigonal bipyramidal molecules that are linear and octahedral molecules that are square planar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lewis Dot Structures

  • CCl2F2: Each chlorine (Cl) and fluorine (F) bond to carbon (C) with single bonds; carbon has no lone pairs.
  • H2O: Oxygen (O) is bonded to two hydrogens (H) with two lone pairs on O.
  • OF2: Oxygen is bonded to two fluorines with two lone pairs on O.
  • SOCl2: Sulfur (S) is central, bonded to two chlorines and one oxygen, with one lone pair on S.
  • CO: Carbon triple bonded to oxygen, with no lone pairs.
  • O3: Central oxygen bonded to two outer oxygens with a lone pair on both outer atoms.
  • CO3^2-: Carbon double bonded to one oxygen and single bonded to two others; carries a -2 charge.

Formal Charge

  • Defined as the hypothetical charge of an atom if electrons were shared equally in covalent bonds.
  • The sum of formal charges in a molecule equals its overall charge.

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR)

  • Electron pairs in the valence shell repel each other, influencing molecular shape.
  • Used to predict shapes from Lewis dot structures.

Bond Angles

  • Defined as the angle formed between the nuclei of surrounding atoms and the central atom.

Nonbonding Lone Pairs

  • Lone pairs repel bonding pairs more strongly than bonding pairs repel each other, reducing bonding pair angles.

Double Bonds

  • Have increased electron density compared to single bonds, impacting repulsion and bond angles.

Molecular Polarity

  • For a molecule to be polar, it must contain at least one polar covalent bond and have non-canceling bond dipoles.
  • Molecules with polar bonds may be nonpolar if all electron groups are bonding groups and surrounding atoms are identical.

Nonpolar Molecule Exceptions

  • Trigonal bipyramidal linear and square planar octahedral molecules can be nonpolar despite the presence of polar bonds.

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Test your knowledge of Lewis dot structures with this chapter 10 flashcard quiz. Each card presents a different chemical compound for which you need to provide the corresponding Lewis dot structure. Perfect for chemistry students looking to reinforce their understanding of molecular geometry.

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