Chemistry: Catalysts and Haber's Process

<p>Aqueous solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To indicate that substances are added or mixed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of a precipitate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The substance is in gas form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide and water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2Na + Cl₂ → 2Cl + Na₂ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>13 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The subscripts inside must be multiplied by outside coefficients. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may lead to incorrect stoichiometric calculations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>71.43 g (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$\frac{1\ mol\ Mg}{24\ g\ Mg}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25.83 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2:2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>71.43 g (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>32 g/mol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.6458 mol Mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>40 g/mol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.8929 mol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnesium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moles of O₂ multiplied by the mole ratio then by the molecular mass of MgO (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>71.43 g (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2:1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To speed up the reaction without being consumed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Manganese Dioxide (MnO₂) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of molecules or moles of a substance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows reactant molecules to attach to the catalyst surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Number of atoms of an element in a molecule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both B and C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reduces the rate of reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limiting Reactant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It relates the quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identify the molar ratio of the substances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Balance the chemical equation for the reaction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>24 g/mol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two-step process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It specifically affects double elements and their associated subscripts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By summing the molar masses of each individual element in the compound. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

A catalyst that speeds up a chemical reaction.

A catalyst that slows down a chemical reaction.

A process using an iron catalyst to produce ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases.

A shorthand way to represent a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas.

Substances that are present at the start of a chemical reaction.

Substances that are formed after a chemical reaction.

Number Placed before a chemical symbol in a chemical equation.

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ represents the process of photosynthesis.

The arrow (→) in a chemical equation represents the formation of products.

Indicates a substance in solid state in chemical equation

Indicates a substance is dissolved in water.

The plus sign (+) in a chemical equation separates reactants

The process of adjusting coefficients in a chemical equation to ensure that the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side equals the number of atoms of that element on the product side.

Numbers placed in front of chemical formulas in a balanced chemical equation. They indicate the relative number of molecules or formula units involved in the reaction.

When elements are enclosed within parentheses, the subscript outside the parentheses applies to all elements inside.

The subscript outside the parentheses multiplies the subscript of each element inside the parentheses.

Coefficients affect the number of molecules or formula units, while subscripts indicate the number of atoms within a molecule or formula unit.

When an element appears twice in a single formula, you need to carefully account for both instances to ensure balance.

You can adjust coefficients in front of individual elements or compounds when there is a '+' sign between them.

If there's no plus sign between elements, you can only adjust the coefficients in front of the entire molecule or formula unit.

A step-by-step process to calculate the amount of product formed in a chemical reaction using mole ratios and conversion factors.

The ratio of moles of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation, representing the proportional relationship between them.

A fraction that helps convert one unit to another, based on a known relationship between them. For example, 1 mole of MgO is equivalent to 40 grams of MgO.

Standard conditions of temperature (0°C or 273K) and pressure (1 atm), which are commonly used for gas measurements and calculations.

A representation of a chemical reaction where the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side equals the number on the product side.

The branch of chemistry dealing with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions.

The reactant that gets completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, thus limiting the amount of product formed.

The reactant that is left over after the limiting reactant is completely consumed.

The mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams/mole (g/mol).

The sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule.

Converting the amount of one substance in moles to the amount of another substance in moles using the molar ratio from a balanced chemical equation.

Converting the amount of a substance in moles to grams using its molar mass.

Converting the mass of one substance in grams to the mass of another substance in grams using multiple steps involving moles and molar mass.

The mass of one mole of oxygen atoms. It is equal to the atomic mass of oxygen expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).

To convert liters of a gas to moles, divide the volume in liters by the molar volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 22.4 L/mol.

To calculate the mass of product formed, you need to: 1) Determine the limiting reactant. 2) Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the moles of product. 3) Multiply the moles of product by its molecular mass to find the mass of product.

The reactant with the smaller number of moles will determine how much product can be formed and is the limiting reactant. The reactant with the larger number of moles is the excess reactant.