Chemistry Bonding and Structures

Bonding

• Draw Lewis Dot diagrams for atoms, ions, ionic compounds, molecular compounds, and polyatomics
• Draw Structural Diagrams for molecular compounds
• Calculate Electronegativity
• Determine and draw VSEPR shapes for molecular compounds and know the bond angles of each shape
• Determine Bond Polarity using Dipole Theory
• Understand the difference between intermolecular forces and intramolecular forces
• Define and explain intermolecular forces:
  • Dipole-dipole forces
  • Hydrogen bonding
  • London (dispersion) forces
• Understand the effects on boiling point and rank molecules' boiling points
• Interpret graphs

Gases

• Describe the four properties of gases
• Define pressure and state SATP and STP
• Convert pressures and temperatures between Kelvin and Celsius
• Describe the relationship between:
  • Temperature, pressure, and volume
  • Pressure and volume
• Apply Boyle's Law
• Describe the properties of:
  • Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
  • Ideal Gas
  • Real Gas
• Use and apply the Ideal Gas Law and know the Ideal Gas Constant
• Describe Avogadro's Theory and the relationship between volume and moles at constant pressure and temperature

Solutions

• Distinguish between mixtures and solutions
• Define and describe dissociation and ionization
• Calculate:
  • Percent by Volume
  • Percent by weight Volume
  • PPM and PPB
  • Molar concentration (mol/L)
• Write balance dissociation/ionization equations
• Determine ion concentration and concentration of a standard solution
• Create a standard solution and calculate dilution
• Perform a standard dilution

Acids and Bases

• Describe the properties of acids and bases
• Name acids and bases
• Define the hydronium ion
• Describe the ionization of water
• Understand how dilution affects pH and [H3O+]
• Determine pH and pOH from a dissolved compound
• Differentiate between monoprotic and polyprotic indicators
• Estimate pH/pOH of a compound using indicators
• Describe weak/strong acids and bases
• Acids ionize and bases dissociate

Stoichiometry

• Write net ionic equations
• Describe spectator ions and stoichiometry
• Recall types of reaction and differentiate between excess reagent and limiting reagent
• Understand species in a chemical reaction are related through molar ratio
• Write stoichiometry statements to calculate unknowns in a reaction
• Determine:
  • Percent yield
  • Mass of reactant/product of gaseous reaction
• Use molar volume to convert volume into moles
• Determine volume/mass of entities using stoichiometry
• Use concentration to convert from volume to moles (and inversely)
• Use stoichiometry for mixed problem types