33 Questions
What type of bond does carbon form by sharing its four electrons with other atoms?
Covalent bond
Which atoms are common in biomolecules besides carbon?
Oxygen and nitrogen
What are polymers in the context of biomolecules?
Molecules consisting of repeated subunits
Which group can glucose be classified into?
Monosaccharides
What is the most common type of biomolecule?
Carbohydrates
What enables carbon-containing molecules to be large and complex?
The ability to share four electrons and form covalent bonds with other carbon atoms
What is the general formula for fructose and galactose?
C6H12O6
Which monosaccharides are important components of nucleotides?
Ribose and deoxyribose
What is the common name for sucrose?
Table sugar
Which polysaccharide is found in animal cells and used for storing energy?
Glycogen
What is the main reason for the body to store energy in the form of glycogen rather than monosaccharides?
To prevent cells from swelling and bursting due to osmotic force
Which polysaccharide is found in plants and consumed by humans for energy?
Starch
What happens when monosaccharides are linked together to form disaccharides and polysaccharides?
Condensation reaction occurs, producing water
What type of reaction occurs when disaccharides and polysaccharides are broken down to their monosaccharide subunits?
Hydrolysis
What is another name for cellulose, a polysaccharide found in plants?
Dietary fiber
What is the role of polysaccharides in addition to storing energy?
Important components of cell membranes
What type of bond does carbon form by sharing its four electrons with other atoms?
Covalent bond
Which type of biomolecule consists of repeated subunits and polymers of amino acids?
Proteins
What is the most common monosaccharide that serves as an important source of energy for cells?
Glucose
Which type of bond enables carbon-containing molecules to be large and complex?
Covalent bond
What is the general formula for glucose, the most common monosaccharide?
$C_6H_{12}O_6$
Which group can glucose be classified into based on its chemical structure?
Monosaccharides
Which type of carbohydrates are formed by the covalent bonding of several monosaccharides?
Polysaccharides
What is the general formula for fructose and galactose?
$C6H12O6$
Which carbohydrate is known as dietary fiber and is found in plants?
Cellulose
What type of reaction occurs when monosaccharides are linked together to form disaccharides and polysaccharides?
Condensation
Which molecule is composed of a glucose subunit and a fructose subunit joined together?
Sucrose
What is the common name for lactose?
Milk sugar
$C6H9O6$ + $C6H12O6$ -> ??
$C12H22O11$
What happens when disaccharides and polysaccharides are broken down to their monosaccharide subunits?
Hydrolysis
Which type of carbohydrates exerts an osmotic force that could draw water into cells if stored in its monosaccharide form?
Monosaccharides
What is the polymer of glucose subunits found in animal cells?
Glycogen
What enables carbon-containing molecules to be large and complex?
Carbon's ability to form four covalent bonds with other atoms
Test your knowledge on biomolecules, carbon bonds, and the atoms commonly found in biomolecules such as oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
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