Chemistry Basics Quiz

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What is the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist independently?

Proton
Molecule
Atom (correct)
Nucleus

The number of neutrons in an atom can determine its atomic number.

False (B)

What is the relationship between protons and electrons in a neutral atom?

They are equal in number.

The mass number (A) of an atom is the sum of the number of _ and _ in the nucleus.

protons, neutrons Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Atom = The smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist independently Molecule = A group of atoms bonded together Proton = A positively charged subatomic particle Electron = A negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines isotopes?

Atoms of the same chemical element with the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Isotones are atoms that have the same number of protons.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life in the context of radioactivity?

The time needed for half of the radioactive atoms to decay. Signup and view all the answers

Carbon has an atomic number of ______.

6 Signup and view all the answers

Match the particle types with their descriptions:

Alpha particles = Helium nuclei with two protons and two neutrons Beta particles = Electrons Gamma rays = High-energy electromagnetic radiation Half-life = Time for half of the radioactive atoms to decay Signup and view all the answers

What discovery did Niels Bohr propose about the arrangement of electrons in an atom?

Electrons follow specific paths or energy levels. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Hund's Rule states that electrons should be paired in orbitals before occupying them singly.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to determine the maximum number of electrons in a shell?

2n^2 Signup and view all the answers

Each orbital can hold a maximum of _____ electrons with opposite spins.

2 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following orbital types with their maximum electrons:

s = 2 p = 6 d = 10 f = 14 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about energy levels (shells) is correct?

Each energy level can only hold a fixed maximum number of electrons. (A) Signup and view all the answers

The configuration of an atom's outermost shell determines its chemical behavior.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the maximum capacity of orbitals in electronic configuration?

It determines how many electrons can be accommodated in various energy levels, impacting atomic structure and behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a noble gas configuration?

Completely filled outer shells (B) Signup and view all the answers

Valence electrons are found in the innermost shell of an atom.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for electrons in the outermost shell that play a crucial role in chemical bonding?

valence electrons Signup and view all the answers

The sequence of filling orbitals is known as the __________.

order of filling electrons Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Stable Configuration = Outermost shell filled completely Heavy Elements = Complex double configuration Orbitals = Regions where electrons are distributed Chemical Bonds = Interactions between atoms Signup and view all the answers

In which order do electrons fill the subshells?

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s (C) Signup and view all the answers

The period number of an element indicates the number of valence electrons it has.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

How are elements arranged in the periodic table?

Based on their electronic configurations Signup and view all the answers

Atomic Number

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

Mass Number

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.