Chemistry Basics Quiz

<p>Have a variable composition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical properties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Orbit the nucleus and have a negative charge. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium chloride (NaCl) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To denote the number of atoms of each element present in the compound. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metalloids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Determine atomic number, identify electron configuration, compare properties, assign to group/period (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>12 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$V = M / D$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potassium (K) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen, Sulfur, and Oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gravity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gather data, record units, apply formula, simplify units, state value with units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spiral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spiral, Elliptical, Irregular (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Galactic mergers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jupiter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its surface has a reddish appearance due to iron oxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Full moon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Earth is between the Sun and Moon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Determine the element and its atomic number. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The transfer of electrons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rigid outermost shell of the Earth, composed of various types of rock. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They tend to lose electrons and become positively charged. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autotrophs can produce their own food, while heterotrophs must consume other organisms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fungi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron configuration, chemical properties, and physical properties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overexploitation of natural resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are highly stable and unreactive. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased use of fossil fuels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have high ionization energies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have full valence electron shells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are herbivores that feed on producers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Noble gases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The conversion of chemical energy from glucose to ATP. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The disruption of the natural balance of the ecosystem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filtration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen and oxygen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Troposphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By enhancing natural greenhouse gas emissions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The relationship between brightness and color of stars (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To represent energy flow and relationships among organisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greenhouse effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The positively charged particles found within the nucleus of an atom.

The neutral particles found within the nucleus of an atom.

Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.

The central core of an atom, containing protons and neutrons.

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines the element's identity.

The number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus can vary, creating different isotopes of the same element.

Chemical properties describe how a substance interacts with other substances and changes its composition, such as reactivity, flammability, pH, and solubility.

Physical properties describe the observable characteristics of a substance, such as state, color, density, and melting/boiling point.

A classification system that organizes the elements based on their properties and locations in the periodic table.

Elements that exhibit both metallic and nonmetallic properties.

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

The arrangement of electrons in an atom's energy levels.

The number of electrons in an atom's outermost energy level.

A method for calculating density by following a series of steps: gathering data, recording units, applying the formula, simplifying units, and stating the final value with units.

Visual representations of an atom's structure, showing the arrangement of electrons in energy levels around the nucleus.

The Earth's outermost rigid layer, composed of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.

The movement of Earth's tectonic plates, causing earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain formation.

Organisms like plants, algae, and some bacteria that make their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

Organisms like animals, fungi, and some bacteria that consume other organisms to obtain energy.

Factors that affect the sustainability of an ecosystem, such as habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation of resources.

Sustainable practices that aim to protect and conserve Earth's ecosystems, such as renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and responsible resource management.

The transfer of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem, represented by food chains and food webs.

The process by which organisms convert glucose into ATP, a form of energy that cells can use.

The tendency of a material to gain or lose electrons when rubbed against another material.

Materials higher on the triboelectric series tend to lose electrons and become positively charged.

Materials lower on the triboelectric series tend to gain electrons and become negatively charged.

A group of six elements in the periodic table known for their stability and unreactive nature.

A group of elements sharing similar properties, including high reactivity and forming salts with metals.

A massive collection of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter held together by gravity.

Our own galaxy, a spiral-shaped home to our solar system.

Spiral galaxies have a central bulge and spiral arms, elliptical galaxies are smooth and oval-shaped, and irregular galaxies lack a defined shape.

The process where galaxies collide and merge, changing their appearance and properties.

The four inner planets of our solar system (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) distinguished by their solid, rocky surfaces.

The phenomenon where the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow, casting a reddish glow on the lunar surface.

For a lunar eclipse to occur, the Moon must be in the full moon phase and pass through the Earth's shadow.

The alignment of the Sun, Earth, and Moon where the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow.

The breakdown of glucose (sugar) in the presence of oxygen to produce energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

The continuous movement of water on, above, and below Earth's surface. It involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, surface runoff, and groundwater flow.

The gaseous layer surrounding Earth. It's composed mainly of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%) along with trace gases.

The trapping of heat by atmospheric gases, primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, which regulates Earth's temperature.

A diagram that shows the relationship between the brightness and color of stars. It helps us understand how stars evolve and their properties.

A visual representation of energy flow and feeding relationships in an ecosystem. They show producers, consumers, and decomposers, and how energy moves through trophic levels.

A linear sequence of organisms, where each organism consumes the one before it. It shows how energy flows from producers to consumers.

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis (e.g., plants).