Chemistry Basics: Atoms Overview

Study Notes

Basic Concepts of Atoms

Atoms make up approximately 100 basic substances that constitute all matter we can see or touch.
90% of the mass of the universe is comprised of atoms found in the Earth's crust and living organisms.

Atomic Structure

The structure of an atom consists of four basic parts, including the nucleus and electrons.
The nucleus is the central part of the atom housing protons and neutrons.

Particles in an Atom

Electrons are negatively charged particles located outside the nucleus.
Atoms are extremely small; millions can fit on the head of a pin.
There are three primary types of atomic particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons.
Electrons are the smallest of these particles, significantly smaller than neutrons and protons.

Atomic Properties

The atomic number represents the number of protons present in an atom's nucleus.
Elements may have varied types called isotopes, which differ in the number of neutrons while having the same number of protons.

Isotopes and Ions

Isotopes are variations of an atom that possess the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Atoms can form ions by losing or gaining electrons, resulting in an unbalanced electric charge.
An ion is defined as an atom or group of atoms that possesses a positive or negative electric charge.

Description

This quiz focuses on the fundamental concepts of atoms and their role in matter. It covers essential topics such as atomic structure, types of atoms in the Earth's crust, and the symbolism used for elements. Test your knowledge on the building blocks of everything around us!